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Biospheric Sciences
Operational

Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)

MODIS (or Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) is a key instrument aboard the Terra (originally known as EOS AM-1) and Aqua (originally known as EOS PM-1) satellites. Terra's orbit around the Earth is timed so that it passes from north to south across the equator in the morning, while Aqua passes south to north over the equator in the afternoon. Terra MODIS and Aqua MODIS are viewing the entire Earth's surface every 1 to 2 days, acquiring data in 36 spectral bands, or groups of wavelengths (see MODIS Technical Specifications). These data will improve our understanding of global dynamics and processes occurring on the land, in the oceans, and in the lower atmosphere. MODIS is playing a vital role in the development of validated, global, interactive Earth system models able to predict global change accurately enough to assist policy makers in making sound decisions concerning the protection of our environment.

Launch Date
1999
Class
Instrument
Website

MODIS (or Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) is a key instrument aboard the Terra (originally known as EOS AM-1) and Aqua (originally known as EOS PM-1) satellites. Terra's orbit around the Earth is timed so that it passes from north to south across the equator in the morning, while Aqua passes south to north over the equator in the afternoon. Terra MODIS and Aqua MODIS are viewing the entire Earth's surface every 1 to 2 days, acquiring data in 36 spectral bands, or groups of wavelengths (see MODIS Technical Specifications). These data will improve our understanding of global dynamics and processes occurring on the land, in the oceans, and in the lower atmosphere. MODIS is playing a vital role in the development of validated, global, interactive Earth system models able to predict global change accurately enough to assist policy makers in making sound decisions concerning the protection of our environment.

Related Publications

2026. "Aerosol effective radiative forcing increases Earth’s energy imbalance in recent decades.", Nature Communications, 17 (1): 6322 [10.1038/s41467-026-72926-3] [Journal Article/Letter]

2026. "Satellite Optical Remote Sensing of Clouds and Aerosols: From Particle Single-Scattering and Gaseous Absorption Through Radiative Transfer to Retrieval Products.", Proceedings of the IEEE, 1-46 [10.1109/jproc.2026.3698375] [Journal Article/Letter]

2026. "Soil Carbon Assimilation Effectively Constrains Carbon‐Cycle Model Forecasting.", Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 131 (7): e2026JG009935 [10.1029/2026jg009935] [Journal Article/Letter]

2026. "Substantial Diel Changes of Cloud Adjustments to Aerosols in Ship‐Tracks.", Geophysical Research Letters, 53 (12): e2026GL121979 [10.1029/2026gl121979] [Journal Article/Letter]

2023. "Aqua MODIS: 20 years of on-orbit calibration and performance.", Journal of Applied Remote Sensing, 17 (03): [10.1117/1.jrs.17.037501] [Journal Article/Letter]