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Dr. Paul R Mahaffy

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Dr. Paul R Mahaffy

  • Director , Solar System Exploration Division
  • 301.614.6379 | 301.614.6406
  • NASA/GSFC
  • Mail Code: 690
  • Greenbelt , MD 20771
  • Employer: NASA

    • Brief Bio

    Paul Mahaffy is the Director of the Solar System Exploration Division at NASA Goddard. He has participated for many years at Goddard Space Flight Center in study of planetary atmospheres and development of space qualified instrumentation. His main research interests are: (1) Planetary science, especially chemical and isotopic composition of planetary atmospheres and comets, (2) Advanced instrument development for organic and light isotope analysis in planetary targets, and (3) Analog studies for martian and cometary materials including both laboratory and field work.

    Current Projects

    Mission participation

    Paul Mahaffy is the Principal Investigator (PI) on the Sample Analysis at Mars Instrument Suite on the Curiosity Rover currently operating on the surface of Mars. He is also PI on the Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer on the MAVEN Mars orbiter mission on its way to Mars and the PI on the Neutral Mass Spectrometer on the LADEE mission that recently finished a very successful mission in lunar orbit exploring the tenuous lunar exosphere. One of his past career highlights was studying the atmosphere of Jupiter using data from a mass spectrometer on the Galileo Probe as it parachuted down into that atmosphere and sent its data back to Earth.

    Recent refereed publications

    P.R. Mahaffy and 26 CoAuthors, The imprint of atmospheric evolution in the D/H of Hesperian clay minerals on Mars, Science 23, 412-414 (2015).

    P.R. Mahaffy and P. Conrad, Volatile and Isotopic Imprints of Ancient Mars, Elements 11, 51 (2015).

    C.R. Webster, P.R. Mahaffy and 29 CoAuthors, Mars methane detection and variability at Gale crater, Science 23, 415-417 (2015).

    C. Freissinet, D. Glavin, P.R. Mahaffy and other CoAuthors, Organic molecules in the Sheepbed Mudstone, Gale Crater, Mars, accepted, Journal of Geophysical Research (2015).

    H. Franz and several CoAuthors including P.R. Mahaffy, Reevaluated Martian Atmospheric Mixing Ratios from the Mass Spectrometer on the Curiosity Rover, accepted Planetary and Space Science (2015).

    J. Stern and several CoAuthors including P.R. Mahaffy, Evidence for indigenous nitrogen in sedimentary and aeolian deposits from the Curiosity rover, accepted, Journal of the National Academy of Sciences (2015).

    Y. Chen, P. Mahaffy, V. Holmes, J. Burris, P. Morey, K.K. Lehmann, B Sherwood Lollar, G. Lacrampe-Couloume, T.C. Onstott, Near infrared cavity ring-down spectroscopy for isotopic analyses of CH4 on future Martian surface missions, Planetary and Space Science 105, 117 (2015).

    R.C. Elphic, G.T. Delory, B. Hine, P.R. Mahaffy, M. Horanyi, A. Colaprete, M. Benna, S.K. Noble, The Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer Mission, Space Science Review, 185, 3, (2015).

    H. Franz and several CoAuthors including P.R. Mahaffy, Analytical Techniques for Retrieval of Atmospheric Composition with the Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer of the Sample Analysis at Mars Instrument Suite on Mars Science Laboratory, accepted by Planetary and Space Sciences (2014).

    P.R. Mahaffy and 35 CoAuthors, The Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer on the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution Mission, Space Science Reviews, DOI 10.1007/s11214-014-0091-1 (2014).

    P.R. Mahaffy and 35 CoAuthors, The Neutral Mass Spectrometer on the Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer Mission, DOI: 10.1007/s11214-014-0043-9 (2014).

    McAdam, Amy C.; Franz, Heather B.; Sutter, Brad; Archer, Paul D.; Freissinet, Caroline; Eigenbrode, Jennifer L.; Ming, Douglas W.; Atreya, Sushil K.; Bish, David L.; Blake, David F.; Bower, Hannah E.; Brunner, Anna; Buch, Arnaud; Glavin, Daniel P.; Grotzinger, John P.; Mahaffy, Paul R.; McLennan, Scott M.; Morris, Richard V.; Navarro-González, Rafael; Rampe, Elizabeth B.; Squyres, Steven W.; Steele, Andrew; Stern, Jennifer C.; Sumner, Dawn Y.; Wray, James J., Sulfur-bearing phases detected by evolved gas analysis of the Rocknest aeolian deposit, Gale Crater, Mars, Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, 119, 373 (2014).


    Paul D. Archer, Heather B. Franz, Brad Sutter, Ricardo D. Arevalo Jr., Patrice Coll, Jennifer L. Eigenbrode, Alberto G. Fairen, Daniel P. Glavin, John J. Jones, Laurie A. Leshin, Paul R. Mahaffy, Amy C. McAdam, Christopher P. McKay, Douglas W. Ming, Richard V. Morris, Rafael Navarro-Gonzalez, Paul B. Niles, Alex Pavlov, Steven W. Squyres, Jennifer Claire Stern, Andrew Steele, James J. Wray, Abundances and implications of volatile-bearing species from Evolved Gas Analysis of the Rocknest aeolian bedform, Gale Crater, Mars, JGR Planets, 119, 237 (2014).

    Pavlov, A. A., Pavlov, A. K., Ostryakov, V. M., Vasilyev, G. I., Mahaffy, P., & Steele, A. (2014). Alteration of the carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition in the Martian surface rocks due to cosmic ray exposure. Journal of Geophysical Research (Planets), 119, 1390-1402.

    Paul R. Mahaffy, Christopher R. Webster, Sushil K. Atreya, Heather Franz, Michael Wong, Pamela G. Conrad, Dan Harpold, John J. Jones, Laurie A. Leshin, Heidi Manning, Tobias Owen, Robert O. Pepin, Steven Squyres, Melissa Trainer and the MSL Science Team, Abundance and Isotopic Composition of Gases in the Martian Atmosphere from the Curiosity Rover, Science 343 (2013).

    J. P. Grotzinger, D. Y. Sumner, L. C. Kah, K. Stack, S. Gupta, L. Edgar, D. Rubin, K. Lewis, J. Schieber, N. Mangold, R. Milliken, P. G. Conrad, D. DesMarais, J. Farmer, K. Siebach, F. Calef, J. Hurowitz, S. M. McLennan, D. Ming, D. Vaniman, J. Crisp, A. Vasavada, K. S. Edgett, M. Malin, D. Blake, R. Gellert, P. Mahaffy, R. C. Wiens, S. Maurice, J. A. Grant, S. Wilson, R. C. Anderson, L. Beegle, R. Arvidson, B. Hallet, R. S. Sletten, M. Rice, J. Bell, J. Griffes, B. Ehlmann, R. B. Anderson, T. F. Bristow, W. E. Dietrich, G. Dromart, J. Eigenbrode, A. Fraeman, C. Hardgrove, K. Herkenhoff, L. Jandura, G. Kocurek, S. Lee, L. A. Leshin, R. Leveille, D. Limonadi, J. Maki, S. McCloskey, M. Meyer, M. Minitti, H. Newsom, D. Oehler, A. Okon, M. Palucis, T. Parker, S. Rowland, M. Schmidt, S. Squyres, A. Steele, E. Stolper, R. Summons, A. Treiman, R. Williams, A. Yingst, M. S. Team, A Habitable Fluvio-Lacustrine Environment at Yellowknife Bay, Gale Crater, Mars. Science, (December 9, 2013, 2013).

    D. W. A. Ming, P.D; Glavin,D.P.; Eigenbrode,J.L.;Franz,H.B.; Sutter,B.; Brunner,A.E.;Stern,J.C.; Freissinet,C.; McAdam,A.C.; Mahaffy,P.R.; Cabane,M.; Coll,P.; Campbell,J.L.; Atreya,S.K.; Niles,P.B.; Bell,J.F.; Bish,D.L.; Brinckerhoff,W.B.; Buch,A.; Conrad,P.G.; Des Marais,D.J.; Ehlmann,B.L.;Fairén,A.G.; Farley,K.; Flesch,G.J.; Francois,P.; Gellert,R.; Grant,J.A.; Grotzinger,J.P.; Gupta,S.; Herkenhoff,K.E.; Hurowitz,J.A.; Leshin,L.A.; Lewis,K.W.; McLennan,S.M.; Miller,K.E.; Moersch,J.; Morris,R.V.; Navarro-González,R.; Pavlov,A.A.; Perrett,G.M.; Pradler,I.; Squyres,S.W.; Summons,R.E.; Steele,A.; Stolper,E.M.; Sumner,D.Y.; Szopa,C.; Teinturier,S.; Trainer,M.G.; Treiman,A.H.; Vaniman,D.T.; Vasavada,A.R.; Webster,C.R.; Wray,J.J.; Yingst,R.A.; MSL Science Team., Volatile and Organic Compositions of Sedimentary Rocks in Yellowknife Bay, Gale crater, Mars. Science Express 342, (2013).

    Atreya, Sushil K.; Trainer, Melissa G.; Franz, Heather B.; Wong, Michael H.; Manning, Heidi L. K.; Malespin, Charles A.; Mahaffy, Paul R.; Conrad, Pamela G.; Brunner, Anna E.; Leshin, Laurie A.; Jones, John H.; Webster, Christopher R.; Owen, Tobias C.; Pepin, Robert O.; Navarro-González, R., Primordial argon isotope fractionation in the atmosphere of Mars measured by the SAM instrument on Curiosity and implications for atmospheric loss, Geophysical Research Letters, 40, 5605-5609 (2013).

    Wong, M.H., S.K. Atreya, P.N. Mahaffy, H.B. Franz, C. Malespin, M.G. Trainer, P.G. Conrad, H.L.K. Manning, R.O. Pepin, R.H. Becker, C.P. McKay, T.C. Owen, R. Navarro-González, J.H. Jones, B.M. Jakosky, A. Steele (2013) Isotopes of nitrogen on Mars: Atmospheric measurements by Curiosity's mass spectrometer. Geophysical Research Letters, in press, DOI: 10.1002/2013GL057840.

    K. A. M. Farley, C.; Mahaffy, P.; Grotzinger, J.; Vasconcelos,P.; Milliken, R.; Malin, M.; Edgett, K.; Pavlov,A.; Jurowitz, J.; Grant, J.; Miller, H.; Arvidson, R.; Beegle, L.; Calef, F.; Conrad, P.; Eietrich, W.E.; Eigenbrode, J.; Gellert, R.; Gupta, S.; Hamilton, V.; Hassler, D.; Lewis, K.; McLennan, S.; Ming, D.; Navarro-Gonzalez, R.;Schwenzer, S.; Stolper, E.;Sumner, D.; Vaniman, D.; Vasavada, A.; Williford, K.; Wimmer-Schweingruber, R.F.; MSL Science Team, In-situ Radiometric and Exposure age Dating of the Martian surface. Science Magazine 342, (2013).

    Sittler, E. C.; Cooper, J. F.; Hartle, R. E.; Paterson, W. R.; Christian, E. R.; Lipatov, A. S.; Mahaffy, P. R.; Paschalidis, N. P.; Coplan, M. A.; Cassidy, T. A.; Richardson, J. D.; Fegley, B.; Andre, N., Plasma ion composition measurements for Europa, Planetary and Space Science 88, 26-41 (2013).

    C. R. M. Webster, P.R.; Flesch, G.J.; Niles, P.B.; Jones, J.H.; Leshin, L.A.; Atreya, S.K.; Stern, J.; Christensen, L.C.; Owen, T.; Franz, H.; Pepin, R.O.; Steele, A.; MSL Science Team, Isotope Ratios of H, C, and O in CO2 and H2O of the Martian Atmosphere. Science 341, 3 (2013).

    L.A. Leshin, P.R. Mahaffy, C.R. Webster, M. Cabane, P. Coll, P.G. Conrad, P.D. Archer, Jr., S.K. Atreya, A.E. Brunner, A. Buch, J.L. Eigenbrode, G.J. Flesch, H.B. Franz, C. Freissinet, D.P. Glavin, A.C. McAdam, K.E. Miller, D.W. Ming, R.V. Morris, R. Navarro-González, P.B. Niles, T. Owen, R.O. Pepin, S. Squyres, A. Steele, J.C. Stern, R.E. Summons, D. Sumner, B. Sutter, C. Szopa, S. Teinturier, M.G. Trainer, J.J. Wray, J.P. Grotzinger and the MSL Science Team, Volatile, Isotope and Organic Analysis of Martian Fines with the Mars Curiosity Rover, Science, 341, id. 1238937 (2013).

    Daniel P. Glavin, Caroline Freissinet, Kristen E. Miller, Jennifer L. Eigenbrode, Anna E. Brunner, Arnaud Buch, Brad Sutter, Doug P. Archer, Jr., Sushil K. Atreya, William B. Brinckerhoff, Michel Cabane, Patrice Coll, Pamela G. Conrad, David Coscia, Jason P. Dworkin, Heather B. Franz, John P. Grotzinger, Laurie A. Leshin, Mildred G. Martin, Christopher McKay, Douglas W. Ming, Rafael Navarro-González, Alexander Pavlov, Andrew Steele, Roger E. Summons, Cyril Szopa, Samuel Teinturier, and Paul R. Mahaffy, JGR Planets, final revisions submitted July 2013.

    Chris R. Webster, Paul R. Mahaffy, Sushil K. Atreya, Gregory J. Flesch, Kenneth A. Farley, and the MSL Science Team, Low Upper Limit to Methane Abundance on Mars. Science 342, 355 (2013)Doi 10.1126/Science.1242902.

    Bishop, Janice L., Franz, Heather B., Goetz, Walter, Blake, David F., Freissinet, Caroline, Steininger, Harald, Goesmann, Fred, Brinckerhoff, William B., Getty, Stephanie, Pinnick, Veronica T., Mahaffy, Paul R., Dyar, M. Darby, Coordinated analyses of Antarctic sediments as Mars analog materials using reflectance spectroscopy and current flight-like instruments for CheMin, SAM and MOMA, Icarus, 224, 309-325 (2013).

    D. F. Blake, R. V. Morris, G. Kocurek, S. M. Morrison, R. T. Downs, D. Bish, D. W. Ming, K. S. Edgett, D. Rubin, W. Goetz, M. B. Madsen, R. Sullivan, R. Gellert, I. Campbell, A. H. Treiman, S.M. McLennan, A. S. Yen, J. Grotzinger, D. T. Vaniman, S. J. Chipera, C. N. Achilles, E. B. Rampe, D. Sumner, P-Y Meslin, S. Maurice, O. Forni1, O. Gasnault, M. Fisk, M. Schmidt, P. Mahaffy, L. A. Leshin, D. Glavin, A. Steele, C. Freissinet, R. Navarro-González, R. A. Yingst, L. C. Kah, N. Bridges, K. W. Lewis,T. F. Bristow, J. D. Farmer, J. A. Crisp, E. M. Stolper, D. J. Des Marais, P. Sarrazin and the MSL Science Team, Curiosity at Gale crater, Mars: Characterization and analysis of the Rocknest sand shadow, Science, accepted (2013).

    Stern, Jennifer C.; McAdam, Amy C.; Ten Kate, Inge L.; Bish, David L.; Blake, David F.; Morris, Richard V.; Bowden, Roxane; Fogel, Marilyn L.; Glamoclija, Mihaela; Mahaffy, Paul R.; Steele, Andrew; Amundsen, Hans E. F., Isotopic and geochemical investigation of two distinct Mars analog environments using evolved gas techniques in Svalbard, Norway, Icarus, 224, 297-308 (2013).

    Heather B. Franz, Melissa G. Trainer, Michael H. Wong, Heidi L. K. Manning, Jennifer C. Stern, Paul R. Mahaffy, Sushil K. Atreya, Pamela G. Conrad, Dan N. Harpold, Laurie A. Leshin, Charles A. Malespin, Christopher P. McKay,J. Thomas Nolan,Eric Raaen, Analytical Techniques for Retrieval of Atmospheric Gas Abundances and Isotope Ratios Measured by the Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer of the Sample Analysis at Mars Instrument Suite on Mars Science Laboratory, Submitted to Space Science Review (2013).

    A. C. McAdam, H. Franz, P. Archer, Jr., C. Freissinet, B. Sutter, J. L. Eigenbrode, Daniel P. Glavin, S. Atreya, D. Bish, D. Blake, H. Bower, A. Brunner, J. Grotzinger, P. R. Mahaffy, D. Ming, R. Morris, R. Navarro-Gonzalez, E. Rampe, S. Squyres, A. Steele, J. Stern, J. Wray, Evidence for sulfur-bearing phases in Martian soil fines from SAM volatile analyses at Rocknest, in preparation for submission to JGR Planets (2013).

    Stalport, F.; Glavin, D. P.; Eigenbrode, J. L.; Bish, D.; Blake, D.; Coll, P.; Szopa, C.; Buch, A.; McAdam, A.; Dworkin, J. P.; Mahaffy, P. R.: The influence of mineralogy on recovering organic acids from Mars analogue materials using the derivatization experiment on the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) instrument suite. Planet Space Sci 2012, 67, 1-13.

    Pavlov, A. A.; Vasilyev, G.; Ostryakov, V. M.; Pavlov, A. K.; Mahaffy, P.: Degradation of the organic molecules in the shallow subsurface of Mars due to irradiation by cosmic rays. Geophys Res Lett 2012, 39, 13202.


    P.R. Mahaffy, Christopher R.Webster, Michel Cabane, Pamela G. Conrad, Patrice Coll, Sushil K. Atreya, Robert Arvey, Michael Barciniak, Mehdi Benna, Lora Bleacher,William B. Brinckerhoff, Jennifer L. Eigenbrode, Daniel Carignan, Mark Cascia, Robert A. Chalmers, Jason P. Dworkin, Therese Errigo, Paula Everson, Heather Franz, Rodger Farley, Steven Feng, Gregory Frazier, Caroline Freissinet, Daniel P. Glavin, Daniel N. Harpold, Douglas Hawk,
    Vincent Holmes, Christopher S. Johnson, Andrea Jones, Patrick Jordan, James Kellogg, Jesse Lewis, Eric Lyness, Charles A. Malespin, David K. Martin, John Maurer, Amy C. McAdam, Douglas McLennan, Thomas J. Nolan, Marvin Noriega, Alexander A. Pavlov, Benito Prats, Eric Raaen, Oren Sheinman, David Sheppard, James Smith, Jennifer C. Stern, Florence Tan, Melissa Trainer, Douglas W. Ming, Richard V. Morris, John Jones, Cindy Gundersen, Andrew Steele, James Wray, Oliver Botta, Laurie A. Leshin, Tobias Owen, Steve Battel, Bruce M. Jakosky, Heidi Manning, Steven Squyres, Rafael Navarro-González, Christopher P. McKay, Francois Raulin, Robert Sternberg, Arnaud Buch, Paul Sorensen, Robert Kline-Schoder, David Coscia, Cyril Szopa, Samuel Teinturier, Curt Baffes, Jason Feldman, Greg Flesch, Siamak Forouhar, Ray Garcia, Didier Keymeulen, Steve Woodward, Bruce P. Block, Ken Arnett, Ryan Miller, Charles Edmonson, Stephen Gorevan, Erik Mumm, The Sample Analysis at Mars Investigation and Instrument Suite, Space Science Reviews DOI 10.1007/s11214-012-9879-z (2012).

    Grotzinger, J. P.; Crisp, J.; Vasavada, A. R.; Anderson, R. C.; Baker, C. J.; Barry, R.; Blake, D. F.; Conrad, P.; Edgett, K. S.; Ferdowski, B.; Gellert, R.; Gilbert, J. B.; Golombek, M.; Gómez-Elvira, J.; Hassler, D. M.; Jandura, L.; Litvak, M.; Mahaffy, P.; Maki, J.; Meyer, M.; Malin, M. C.; Mitrofanov, I.; Simmonds, J. J.; Vaniman, D.; Welch, R. V.; Wiens, R. C.: Mars Science Laboratory Mission and Science Investigation. Space Sci Rev 2012, 170, 5-56.

    Conrad, P. G.; Eigenbrode, J. L.; Von der Heydt, M. O.; Mogensen, C. T.; Canham, J.; Harpold, D. N.; Johnson, J.; Errigo, T.; Glavin, D. P.; Mahaffy, P. R.: The Mars Science Laboratory Organic Check Material. Space Sci Rev 2012, 170, 479-501.

    S. K. Atreya, O. Witasse, V. F. Chevrier, F. Forget, P. R. Mahaffy, P. B. Price, . . . R. W. Zurek. Methane on Mars: Current observations, interpretation, and future plans Preface. Planetary and Space Science 59(2-3), 133-136 (2011).

    Webster, C. R.; Mahaffy, P. R.: Determining the local abundance of Martian methane and its’ 13C/12C and D/H isotopic ratios for comparison with related gas and soil analysis on the 2011 Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission. Planet Space Sci 2011, 59, 271-283.

    D. H. Atkinson, T. R. Spilker, K. Reh, S. K. Atreya, T. S. Balint, R. Beebe, . . . P. Mahaffy (2010). Exploring Saturn With Shallow Probes. Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society. 42: 1007.

    H. L. K. Manning, I. L. Ten Kate, S. J. Battel and P. R. Mahaffy. Electric discharge in the Martian atmosphere, Paschen curves and implications for future missions. Advances in Space Research 46, 1334-1340 (2010).

    S. A. Getty, I. L. ten Kate, S. H. Feng, W. B. Brinckerhoff, E. H. Cardiff, V. E. Holmes, . . . P. Mahaffy, D. P. Glavin. Development of an evolved gas-time-of-flight mass spectrometer for the Volatile Analysis by Pyrolysis of Regolith (VAPoR) instrument. International Journal of Mass Spectrometry 295(3), 124-132 (2010).

    S. A. Getty, O. Auciello, A. V. Sumant, X. P. Wang, D. P. Glavin and P. R. Mahaffy. Characterization of Nitrogen-Incorporated Ultrananocrystalline Diamond as a Robust Cold Cathode Material. Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications Ii 7679 (2010).

    R. C. Elphic, G. T. Delory, E. J. Grayzeck, A. Colaprete, M. Horanyi, P. Mahaffy, . . . J. S. Salute. The Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE): New Mission, Longstanding Questions. LPI Contributions 1595, 22 (2010).

    P. R. Mahaffy, Geochemical News, Sample Analysis at Mars: Developing Analytical Tools to Search for a Habitable Environment on the Red Planet 121 (2009).

    A. Buch, R. Sternberg, C. Szopa, C. Freissinet a,b, C. Garnier, El J. Bekri,
    C. Rodier, R. Navarro-Gonza´lez, F. Raulin, M. Cabane, M. Stambouli, D.P. Glavin, P.R. Mahaffy, Development of a gas chromatography compatible Sample Processing System (SPS) for the in-situ analysis of refractory organic matter in martian soil: preliminary results, Advances in Space Research 43, 143-151 (2009).

    Getty, Stephanie A., Li, Mary, Hess, Larry, Costen, Nick, King, Todd T., Roman, Patrick A., Brinckerhoff, William B., Mahaffy, Paul R., “Integration of a carbon nanotube field emission electron gun for a miniaturized time-of-flight mass spectrometer,” Proceedings of the SPIE 7318, 731816 (2009)

    Coustenis, A., and many CoAuthors including Mahaffy, P.R., TandEM: Titan and Enceladus mission, Experimental Astronomy: 23(3), 893 (2009).

    B. Marty, T. Guillot, A. Coustenis, N. Achilleos, Y. Alibert, S. Asmar, . . . J. Zarnecki. Kronos: exploring the depths of Saturn with probes and remote sensing through an international mission. Experimental Astronomy 23, 947-976 (2009).

    Mahaffy, P.R., Exploration of the Habitability of Mars: Development of Analytical Protocols for Measurement of Organic Carbon on the 2009 Mars Science Laboratory, Space Science Reviews, 135, 255 (2008).

    Wong, M. H., J.I. Lunine, S.K. Atreya, T. Johnson, P.R. Mahaffy, T. C. Owen, and T. Encrenaz, Oxyten and Other Volatiles in the Giant Planets and Their Satellites, in Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, Vol 68, 219-246 (2008).

    Ten Kate, I.L., Canham, J.S., Conrad, P. G, Errigo, T., Katz, I, and Mahaffy, P.R., Impact of Terrestrial Contamination on Organic Measurements from the Mars Science Laboratory, Astrobiology 8, 571-582 (2008).

    Education

    PhD. 1977, Iowa State University (Physical Chemistry Major)
    B.S. 1972, Dordt College (Cum Laude, Chemistry Major, Mathematics Minor)

    Professional Societies

    American Society of Mass Spectrometry American Chemical Society American Vacuum Society American Geophysical Union AAA/Division of Planetary Sciences Geochemical Society , 1999 - Present

    Professional Service

    National Research Council Decadal Study Mars Panel (2009-2010)
    Instrument Technology Capabilities Roadmap team (2004-2005)
    Neptune New Visions Orbiter with Deep Probe Study (2003-2005)
    Mars Organic Contamination Science Steering Group (2003-2004) (chair)
    Mars Strategic Roadmap Federal Advisory committee (2004-2005)
    Entry Probe Working Group (2003, 2003)
    Mars Planning Science Synthesis Group (2002,2003)
    MIDP Review Panel (2003)
    Mars Icy Samples Study Team (2003)
    Mars Science Laboratory Project and Science Working Group (2002, 2003)
    Planetary Instrument Definition and Development Panel (2002)
    Technology Assessment for Solar System Exploration, 2002
    New Frontiers Jupiter Mission Assessment (2002)
    New Frontiers Comet Nucleus Sample Return Assessment (2002)
    Planetary Atmospheres Selection Panel (2001)
    Mars Smart Lander Science Definition Team (2001)
    Planetary Instrument Selection Panel (1997)
    New Millenium Deep Space 1 Science Team Selection Board (1997)
    Surveyor Lander Selection Team (1995)
    Near Earth Astroid Science Team Selection (1994)
    Cassini Ion and Neutral Mass Spectrometer Facility Instrument Definition Team (1991)
    Cosmic Dust Collection Facility Review Board (1990)

    Awards

    John C. Lindsay Memorial Award (2014)
    Maryland Chemist of the Year Award (American Chemical Society – 2013)
    Robert C. Boumann Award for Mission Success (2011).
    Sample Analysis at Mars Experiment Team Award (2010).
    IRAD Innovator of the Year Team Award (2007).
    New Business Capture Award (2005).
    GSFC Special Act Award (2004).
    GSFC Special Achievement Award (2000).
    Galileo Probe Mass Spectrometer Experiment Team Award (1996)
    Galileo Probe Mass Spectrometer Team Centerwide Group Achievement Award (1996)
    NASA/Goddard/Laboratory for Atmospheres, Technical Achievement Award (1988)
    Galileo Probe Mass Spectrometer, Special Service Award (1990)
    Pullman Scholar Award (1968-1972)
    Argonne National Laboratory Study Grant Award (1972)
    Procter and Gamble Scholarship (1972-1973)
    American Chemical Society Outstanding Chemistry Major (1972).
     

    Publications

    Refereed

    Williams, A. J., J. L. Eigenbrode, M. A. Floyd, et al. M. Wilhelm, S. O’Reilly, S. S. Johnson, K. L. Craft, C. A. Knudson, S. Andrejkovičová, J. M. Lewis, A. Buch, D. P. Glavin, C. Freissinet, R. Summons, A. C. Mcadam, K. Benison, R. Navarro-González, C. A. Malespin, and P. Mahaffy. 2019. "Recovery of Fatty Acids from Mineralogic Mars Analogs by TMAH Thermochemolysis for the Sample Analysis at Mars Wet Chemistry Experiment on the Curiosity Rover." Astrobiology, 19 (4): (Accepted)

    Liu, G., S. L. England, R. J. Lillis, et al. P. Withers, P. R. Mahaffy, D. E. Rowland, M. Elrod, M. Benna, D. M. Kass, D. Janches, and B. Jakosky. 2018. "Thermospheric Expansion Associated With Dust Increase in the Lower Atmosphere on Mars Observed by MAVEN/NGIMS." Geophysical Research Letters, 45 (7): 2901-2910 [10.1002/2018gl077525]

    Eigenbrode, J. L., R. E. Summons, A. Steele, et al. C. Freissinet, M. Millan, R. Navarro-González, B. Sutter, A. C. Mcadam, H. B. Franz, D. P. Glavin, P. D. Archer, P. Mahaffy, P. G. Conrad, J. A. Hurowitz, J. P. Grotzinger, S. Gupta, D. W. Ming, D. Y. Sumner, C. Szopa, C. Malespin, A. Buch, and P. Coll. 2018. "Organic matter preserved in 3-billion-year-old mudstones at Gale crater, Mars." Science, 360 (6393): 1096-1101 [Full Text (Link)] [10.1126/science.aas9185]

    Webster, C. R., P. Mahaffy, S. K. Atreya, et al. J. E. Moores, G. J. Flesch, C. Malespin, C. P. McKay, G. Martinez, C. L. Smith, J. Martin-Torres, J. Gomez-Elvira, M.-P. Zorzano, M. H. Wong, M. G. Trainer, A. Steele, D. Archer, B. Sutter, P. J. Coll, C. Freissinet, P.-Y. Meslin, R. V. Gough, C. H. House, A. A. Pavlov, J. L. Eigenbrode, D. P. Glavin, J. C. Pearson, D. Keymeulen, L. E. Christensen, S. P. Schwenzer, R. Navarro-Gonzalez, J. Pla-García, S. C. Rafkin, Á. Vicente-Retortillo, H. Kahanpää, D. Viudez-Moreiras, M. D. Smith, A.-M. Harri, M. Genzer, D. M. Hassler, M. Lemmon, J. Crisp, S. P. Sander, R. W. Zurek, and A. R. Vasavada. 2018. "Background levels of methane in Mars’ atmosphere show strong seasonal variations." Science, 360 (6393): 1093-1096 [10.1126/science.aaq0131]

    Stern, J. C., B. Sutter, P. D. Archer, et al. J. L. Eigenbrode, A. C. Mcadam, H. B. Franz, C. Knudson, D. W. Ming, G. Wong, C. Freissinet, C. A. Malespin, R. Navarro-Gonzalez, C. Szopa, and P. Mahaffy. 2018. "Major Volatiles Evolved From Eolian Materials in Gale Crater." Geophysical Research Letters, [Full Text (Link)] [10.1029/2018gl079059]

    Navarro Gonzalez, R., K. Navarro, P. Coll, et al. C. McKay, J. C. Stern, B. Sutter, P. D. Archer, A. Buch, M. Cabane, P. G. Conrad, J. L. Eigenbrode, H. B. Franz, C. Freissinet, D. P. Glavin, J. Hogancamp, A. C. Mcadam, C. A. Malespin, J. Martín-Torres, D. Ming, R. Morris, B. D. Prats, F. Raulin, J. Rodríguez-Manfredi, C. Szopa, M.-P. Zorzano-Mier, P. Mahaffy, S. Atreya, M. G. Trainer, and A. Vasavada. 2018. "Abiotic input of fixed nitrogen by bolide impacts to Gale crater during the Hesperian. Insights from the Mars Science Laboratory." Journal of Geophysical Research-Planets, [Full Text (Link)] [10.1029/2018JE005852]

    Stern, J. C., B. Sutter, W. A. Jackson, et al. R. Navarro-González, C. P. McKay, D. W. Ming, P. D. Archer, and P. R. Mahaffy. 2017. "The nitrate/(per)chlorate relationship on Mars." Geophysical Research Letters, [10.1002/2016gl072199]

    Girazian, Z. R., P. Mahaffy, R. J. Lillis, et al. M. Benna, M. K. Elrod, and B. M. Jakosky. 2017. "Nightside Ionosphere of Mars: Composition, Vertical Structure, and Variability." Journal of Geophysical Research, 44: [10.1002/2016JA023508]

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    Franz, H. B., A. C. McAdam, D. W. Ming, et al. C. Freissinet, P. R. Mahaffy, D. L. Eldridge, W. W. Fischer, J. P. Grotzinger, C. H. House, J. A. Hurowitz, S. M. McLennan, S. P. Schwenzer, D. T. Vaniman, P. D. Archer Jr, S. K. Atreya, P. G. Conrad, J. W. Dottin III, J. L. Eigenbrode, K. A. Farley, D. P. Glavin, S. S. Johnson, C. A. Knudson, R. V. Morris, R. Navarro-González, A. A. Pavlov, R. Plummer, E. B. Rampe, J. C. Stern, A. Steele, R. E. Summons, and B. Sutter. 2017. "Large sulfur isotope fractionations in Martian sediments at Gale crater." Nature Geoscience, [10.1038/ngeo3002]

    Girazian, Z., P. Mahaffy, R. J. Lillis, et al. M. Benna, M. Elrod, C. M. Fowler, and D. L. Mitchell. 2017. "Ion Densities in the Nightside Ionosphere of Mars: Effects of Electron Impact Ionization." Geophysical Research Letters, [10.1002/2017gl075431]

    François, P., C. Szopa, A. Buch, et al. P. Coll, A. C. McAdam, P. R. Mahaffy, C. Freissinet, D. P. Glavin, R. Navarro-Gonzalez, and M. Cabane. 2016. "Magnesium sulfate as a key mineral for the detection of organic molecules on Mars using pyrolysis." Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, 121 (1): 61-74 [10.1002/2015je004884]

    Conrad, P., C. Malespin, H. Franz, et al. R. Pepin, M. Trainer, S. Schwenzer, S. Atreya, C. Freissinet, J. Jones, H. Manning, T. Owen, A. Pavlov, R. Wiens, M. Wong, and P. Mahaffy. 2016. "In situ measurement of atmospheric krypton and xenon on Mars with Mars Science Laboratory." Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 454: 1-9 [10.1016/j.epsl.2016.08.028]

    Vasconcelos, P. M., K. A. Farley, C. A. Malespin, et al. P. Mahaffy, D. Ming, S. M. McLennan, J. A. Hurowitz, and M. S. Rice. 2016. "Discordant K-Ar and Young Exposure Dates for the Windjana sandstone, Kimberley, Gale Crater, Mars." Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, (In Press) [10.1002/2016je005017]

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    Stern, J. C., B. Sutter, C. Freissinet, et al. R. Navarro-Gonzalez, C. P. McKay, P. D. Archer Jr., A. Buch, A. E. Brunner, P. Coll, J. L. Eigenbrode, A. G. Fairen, H. B. Franz, D. P. Glavin, S. Kashyap, A. C. Mcadam, D. W. Ming, A. Steele, C. Szopa, J. J. Wray, F. J. Martin-Torres, M.-P. Zorzano, P. G. Conrad, and P. R. Mahaffy. 2015. "Evidence for indigenous nitrogen in sedimentary and aeolian deposits from the Curiosity rover investigations at Gale crater, Mars." Proceedings of National Academy of Science, [10.1073/pnas.1420932112]

    Franz, H. B., M. G. Trainer, M. H. Wong, et al. P. R. Mahaffy, S. K. Atreya, H. L. Manning, and J. C. Stern. 2015. "Reevaluated martian atmospheric mixing ratios from the mass spectrometer on the Curiosity rover." Planetary and Space Science, 109-110: 154-158 [doi:10.1016/j.pss.2015.02.014]

    Arevalo Jr., R., W. B. Brinckerhoff, F. Van Amerom, et al. R. M. Danell, V. T. Pinnick, X. Li, S. A. Getty, L. M. Hovmand, A. Grubisic, P. R. Mahaffy, F. Goesmann, and H. Steininger. 2015. "Design and Demonstration of the Mars Organic Molecule Analyzer (MOMA) on the ExoMars 2018 Rover." IEEE Aerospace,

    McAdam, A. C., H. B. Franz, B. Sutter, et al. P. D. Archer Jr, C. Freissinet, J. L. Eigenbrode, D. W. Ming, S. K. Atreya, D. L. Bish, D. F. Blake, H. E. Bower, A. Brunner, A. Buch, D. P. Glavin, J. P. Grotzinger, P. R. Mahaffy, S. M. McLennan, R. V. Morris, R. Navarro-Gonzalez, E. B. Rampe, S. W. Squyres, A. Steele, J. C. Stern, D. Y. Sumner, and J. J. Wray. 2014. "Sulfur-bearing Phases Detected by Evolved Gas Analysis of the Rocknest Aeolian Deposit, Gale Crater." J. Geophys. Res., 119: 373-393 [10.1002/2013JE004518]

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    Franz, H. B., M. G. Trainer, M. H. Wong, et al. H. Manning, J. C. Stern, P. R. Mahaffy, S. K. Atreya, M. Bennaa, P. G. Conrad, D. N. Harpold, L. A. Leshin, C. A. Malespin, C. P. McKay, J. T. Nolan, and E. Raaen. 2014. "Analytical Techniques for Retrieval of Atmospheric Composition with the Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer of the Sample Analysis at Mars Instrument Suite on Mars Science Laboratory." Planet. Space Sci., [10.1016/j.pss.2014.03.005]

    Misra, P., R. Garcia, P. R. Mahaffy, J. Canham, and D. E. Jallice. 2014. "SAM/MSL Terrestrial Background Spectral Library." NASA Tech Briefs, Software Supplement, 23.

    Stern, J. C., A. C. Mcadam, I. L. ten Kate, et al. D. L. Bish, D. F. Blake, R. V. Morris, R. Bowden, M. L. Fogel, M. Glamoclijca, P. R. Mahaffy, A. Steele, and H. E. Amundsen. 2013. "Isotopic and geochemical investigation of two distinct Mars analog environments using evolved gas techniques in Svalbard, Norway." Icarus, 224 (2013): 297-308.

    Mcadam, A. C., P. R. Mahaffy, I. L. ten Kate, et al. D. L. Bish, D. F. Blake, R. V. Morris, R. Bowden, M. L. Fogel, M. Glamoclija, A. Steele, and H. E. Amundsen. 2013. "Isotopic and Geochemical Investigation of Two Distinct Mars Analog Environments Using Evolved Gas Techniques in Svalbard." Icarus, 224 (2013): 297-308.

    Mcadam, A. C., P. R. Mahaffy, I. L. ten Kate, D. L. Bish, and D. F. Blake. 2013. "Isotopic and Geochemical Investigation of Two Distinct Mars Analog Environments Using Evolved Gas Techniques in Svalbard."

    Glavin, D. P., C. Freissinet, K. E. Miller, et al. J. L. Eigenbrode, A. E. Brunner, A. Buch, B. Sutter, P. D. Archer Jr., S. K. Atreya, W. B. Brinckerhoff, M. Cabane, P. Coll, P. G. Conrad, D. Coscia, J. P. Dworkin, H. B. Franz, J. P. Grotzinger, L. A. Leshin, M. G. Martin, C. McKay, D. W. Ming, R. Navarro-González, A. Pavlov, A. Steele, R. E. Summons, C. Szopa, S. Teinturier, and P. R. Mahaffy. 2013. "Evidence for perchlorates and the origin of chlorinated hydrocarbons detected by SAM at the Rocknest aeolian deposit in Gale Crater." J. Geophys. Res., 118: 1955 – 1973 [10.1002/jgre.20144]

    Wong, M. H., S. K. Atreya, P. N. Mahaffy, et al. H. B. Franz, C. Malespin, M. G. Trainer, J. C. Stern, P. G. Conrad, H. Manning, R. O. Pepin, R. H. Becker, C. P. McKay, T. C. Owen, R. Navarro-Gonzaalez, J. H. Jones, B. M. Jakosky, and A. Steele. 2013. "Isotopes of Nitrogen on Mars: Atmospheric Measurements by Curiosity's Mass Spectrometer." Geophys. Res. Lett., 40: 6033-6037 [10.1002/2013GL057840]

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    Glavin, D. P., C. Freissinet, K. E. Miller, et al. J. L. Eigenbrode, A. E. Brunner, A. Buch, B. Sutter, P. D. Archer Jr, S. K. Atreya, W. B. Brinckerhoff, M. Cabane, P. Coll, P. G. Conrad, D. Coscia, J. P. Dworkin, H. B. Franz, J. P. Grotzinger, L. A. Leshin, M. G. Martin, C. McKay, D. W. Ming, R. Navarro-Gonzalez, A. Pavlov, A. Steele, R. E. Summons, C. Szopa, S. Teinturier, and P. R. Mahaffy. 2013. "Evidence for Perchlorates and the Origin of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons Detected by SAM at the Rocknest Aeolian Deposit in Gale Crater." J. Geophys. Res., 118: 1955-1973.

    Atreya, S. K., M. G. Trainer, H. B. Franz, et al. M. H. Wong, H. Manning, C. A. Malespin, P. R. Mahaffy, P. G. Conrad, A. E. Brunner, L. A. Leshin, J. H. Jones, C. R. Webster, T. C. Owen, R. O. Pepin, and R. Navarro-Gonzalez. 2013. "Primordial Argon Isotope Fractionation in the Atmosphere of Mars Measured by the SAM Instrument on Curiosity and Implications for Atmospheric Loss." Geophys. Res. Lett., 40: 5605-5609.

    Getty, S. A., J. P. Dworkin, D. P. Glavin, et al. M. G. Martin, Y. Zheng, M. A. Balvin, A. E. Southard, S. H. Feng, C. A. Kotecki, C. A. Malespin, and P. R. Mahaffy. 2013. "Organics Analyzer for Sampling Icy Surfaces: a Liquid Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer for Future in situ Small Body Missions." IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings,

    Brinckerhoff, W. B., V. T. Pinnick, F. H. van Amerom, et al. R. M. Danell, R. Arevalo Jr., M. S. Atanassova, X. Li, P. R. Mahaffy, R. J. Cotter, F. Goesmann, and H. Steininger. 2013. "Mars Organic Molecule Analyzer (MOMA) Mass Spectrometer for ExoMars 2018 and Beyond." IEEE Aerospace,

    Chanover, N., R. Tawalbeh, D. Glenar, et al. D. Voelz, X. Xiao, K. Uckert, P. Boston, T. J. Cornish, S. Ecelberger, S. A. Getty, W. B. Brinckerhoff, and P. Mahaffy. 2012. "Rapid Assessment of High Value Samples: An AOTF-LDTOF Spectrometer Suite for Planetary Surfaces." IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings, [10.1109/AERO.2012.6187060]

    Bishop, J., H. B. Franz, W. Goetz, et al. D. Blake, C. Freissinet, H. Steininger, F. Goesmann, W. B. Brinckerhoff, S. A. Getty, V. T. Pinnick, and P. R. Mahaffy. 2012. "Coordinated analyses of Antarctic sediments as Mars analog materials using reflectance spectroscopy and current flight-like instruments for CheMin, SAM and MOMA." Icarus, 224 (2): 309-325 [10.1016/j.icarus.2012.05.014]

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    Atreya, S. K., O. Witasse, V. F. Chevrier, et al. F. Forget, P. R. Mahaffy, P. Buford Price, C. R. Webster, and R. W. Zurek. 2011. "Methane on Mars: Current observations, interpretation, and future plans." Planetary and Space Science, 59: 133 [Full Text (Link)] [10.1016/j.pss.2010.10.008]

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    Non-Refereed

    Willis, P., W. B. Brinckerhoff, A. Ricco, et al. S. A. Getty, J. Chapman, J. Creamer, F. Mora, K. Zacny, D. P. Glavin, J. L. Eigenbrode, P. Mahaffy, B. Christner, R. Quinn, and T. Hoehler. 2018. "A universal approach in the search for life at the molecular level." A White Paper in response to the ASTROBIOLOGY SCIENCE STRATEGY FOR THE SEARCH FOR LIFE IN THE UNIVERSE

    Glavin, D. P., C. Freissinet, P. R. Mahaffy, et al. K. Miller, J. Eigenbrode, R. Summons, M. Martin, H. Franz, A. Steele, D. Archer, S. Atreya, W. Brinckerhoff, A. Brunner, A. Buch, M. Cabane, P. Coll, P. Conrad, D. Des Marais, J. P. Dworkin, A. Fairen, P. Francois, J. Grotzinger, S. Kashyap, C. Malespin, A. McAdam, D. Ming, R. Navarro-Gonzalez, A. Pavlov, S. Squyres, J. Stern, D. Sumner, B. Sutter, and C. Szopa. 2015. "Martian Chlorobenzene Identified by Curiosity in Yellowknife Bay: Evidence for the Preservation of Organics in a Mudstone on Mars ." Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 46: 1178- .

    Eigenbrode, J. L., D. P. Glavin, P. Coll, et al. R. E. Summons, P. Mahaffy, D. Archer, A. Brunner, and Et al.. 2013. "Detection of Organic Constituents Including Chloromethylpropene in the Analyses of the Rocknest Drift by Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM)." Lunar and Planetary Science Conference [Full Text (Link)]

    Eigenbrode, J. L., A. C. Mcadam, H. B. Franz, et al. C. Freissinet, H. Bower, M. Floyd, P. G. Conrad, P. Mahaffy, J. Feldman, and J. A. Hurowitz. 2013. "Fluorocarbon Contamination from the Drill on the Mars Science Laboratory: Potential Science Impact on Detecting Martian Organics by Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM)." 44th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference [Full Text (Link)]

    Conrad, P. G., J. L. Eigenbrode, P. Mahaffy, and A. Steele. 2011. "Environmental Signatures for Habitability: What to Measure and How to Rank the Habitability Potential of Mars." Exploring Mars Habitability [Full Text (Link)]

    Mcadam, A. C., I. L. ten Kate, J. C. Stern, et al. P. R. Mahaffy, D. F. Blake, R. V. Morris, A. Steele, H. E. Amundsen, and AMASE 2010 team. 2011. "Field characterizaton of the mineralogy and organic chemistry of carbonates from the 2010 Arctic Mars Analog Svalbard Expedition by Evolved Gas Analysis." LPS XLII Abstract #2136:

    Eigenbrode, J. L., D. P. Glavin, J. P. Dworkin, P. G. Conrad, and P. Mahaffy. 2011. "Thermochemolysis: A New Sample Preparation Approach for the Detection of Organic Components of Complex Macromolecules in Mars Rocks via Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry in SAM on MSL." 42nd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference [Full Text (Link)]

    Pavlov, A. A., D. P. Glavin, J. L. Eigenbrode, et al. A. K. Pavlov, C. S. Johnson, and P. Mahaffy. 2010. "Laboratory Studies of the Liquid Water Content and the Degradation Rates of Organic Biomarkers in the Shallow Martian Subsurface." Astrobiology Science Conference

    Eigenbrode, J. L., L. Benning, D. Tobler, et al. J.-D. Rodriguez Blanco, M. Fogel, M. Callahan, J. P. Dworkin, M. Glamoclija, D. P. Glavin, L. Kerr, A. Kish, P. Mahaffy, A. C. Mcadam, A. Steele, M. Voytek, and H. Amundsen. 2010. "Organic biosignatures and habitat features of near-surface glacial ice in Svalbard." Astrobiology Science Conference 2010 [Full Text (Link)]

    Mcadam, A. C., P. R. Mahaffy, D. F. Blake, et al. D. W. Ming, H. B. Franz, J. L. Eigenbrode, A. Steele, and AMASE 2009 Team. 2010. "Evolved Gas Analysis and X-ray Diffraction of Carbonate Samples from the 2009 Arctic Mars Analog Svalbard Expedition: Implications for Mineralogical Inferences from the Mars Science Laboratory." LPS XLI Abstract #2206:

    Brief Bio

    Paul Mahaffy is the Director of the Solar System Exploration Division at NASA Goddard. He has participated for many years at Goddard Space Flight Center in study of planetary atmospheres and development of space qualified instrumentation. His main research interests are: (1) Planetary science, especially chemical and isotopic composition of planetary atmospheres and comets, (2) Advanced instrument development for organic and light isotope analysis in planetary targets, and (3) Analog studies for martian and cometary materials including both laboratory and field work.

    Publications

    Refereed

    Williams, A. J., J. L. Eigenbrode, M. A. Floyd, et al. M. Wilhelm, S. O’Reilly, S. S. Johnson, K. L. Craft, C. A. Knudson, S. Andrejkovičová, J. M. Lewis, A. Buch, D. P. Glavin, C. Freissinet, R. Summons, A. C. Mcadam, K. Benison, R. Navarro-González, C. A. Malespin, and P. Mahaffy. 2019. "Recovery of Fatty Acids from Mineralogic Mars Analogs by TMAH Thermochemolysis for the Sample Analysis at Mars Wet Chemistry Experiment on the Curiosity Rover." Astrobiology (Accepted) 19 (4):

    Liu, G., S. L. England, R. J. Lillis, et al. P. Withers, P. R. Mahaffy, D. E. Rowland, M. Elrod, M. Benna, D. M. Kass, D. Janches, and B. Jakosky. 2018. "Thermospheric Expansion Associated With Dust Increase in the Lower Atmosphere on Mars Observed by MAVEN/NGIMS." Geophysical Research Letters 45 (7): 2901-2910 [10.1002/2018gl077525]

    Eigenbrode, J. L., R. E. Summons, A. Steele, et al. C. Freissinet, M. Millan, R. Navarro-González, B. Sutter, A. C. Mcadam, H. B. Franz, D. P. Glavin, P. D. Archer, P. Mahaffy, P. G. Conrad, J. A. Hurowitz, J. P. Grotzinger, S. Gupta, D. W. Ming, D. Y. Sumner, C. Szopa, C. Malespin, A. Buch, and P. Coll. 2018. "Organic matter preserved in 3-billion-year-old mudstones at Gale crater, Mars." Science 360 (6393): 1096-1101 [Full Text (Link)] [10.1126/science.aas9185]

    Webster, C. R., P. Mahaffy, S. K. Atreya, et al. J. E. Moores, G. J. Flesch, C. Malespin, C. P. McKay, G. Martinez, C. L. Smith, J. Martin-Torres, J. Gomez-Elvira, M.-P. Zorzano, M. H. Wong, M. G. Trainer, A. Steele, D. Archer, B. Sutter, P. J. Coll, C. Freissinet, P.-Y. Meslin, R. V. Gough, C. H. House, A. A. Pavlov, J. L. Eigenbrode, D. P. Glavin, J. C. Pearson, D. Keymeulen, L. E. Christensen, S. P. Schwenzer, R. Navarro-Gonzalez, J. Pla-García, S. C. Rafkin, Á. Vicente-Retortillo, H. Kahanpää, D. Viudez-Moreiras, M. D. Smith, A.-M. Harri, M. Genzer, D. M. Hassler, M. Lemmon, J. Crisp, S. P. Sander, R. W. Zurek, and A. R. Vasavada. 2018. "Background levels of methane in Mars’ atmosphere show strong seasonal variations." Science 360 (6393): 1093-1096 [10.1126/science.aaq0131]

    Stern, J. C., B. Sutter, P. D. Archer, et al. J. L. Eigenbrode, A. C. Mcadam, H. B. Franz, C. Knudson, D. W. Ming, G. Wong, C. Freissinet, C. A. Malespin, R. Navarro-Gonzalez, C. Szopa, and P. Mahaffy. 2018. "Major Volatiles Evolved From Eolian Materials in Gale Crater." Geophysical Research Letters [Full Text (Link)] [10.1029/2018gl079059]

    Navarro Gonzalez, R., K. Navarro, P. Coll, et al. C. McKay, J. C. Stern, B. Sutter, P. D. Archer, A. Buch, M. Cabane, P. G. Conrad, J. L. Eigenbrode, H. B. Franz, C. Freissinet, D. P. Glavin, J. Hogancamp, A. C. Mcadam, C. A. Malespin, J. Martín-Torres, D. Ming, R. Morris, B. D. Prats, F. Raulin, J. Rodríguez-Manfredi, C. Szopa, M.-P. Zorzano-Mier, P. Mahaffy, S. Atreya, M. G. Trainer, and A. Vasavada. 2018. "Abiotic input of fixed nitrogen by bolide impacts to Gale crater during the Hesperian. Insights from the Mars Science Laboratory." Journal of Geophysical Research-Planets [Full Text (Link)] [10.1029/2018JE005852]

    Stern, J. C., B. Sutter, W. A. Jackson, et al. R. Navarro-González, C. P. McKay, D. W. Ming, P. D. Archer, and P. R. Mahaffy. 2017. "The nitrate/(per)chlorate relationship on Mars." Geophysical Research Letters [10.1002/2016gl072199]

    Girazian, Z. R., P. Mahaffy, R. J. Lillis, et al. M. Benna, M. K. Elrod, and B. M. Jakosky. 2017. "Nightside Ionosphere of Mars: Composition, Vertical Structure, and Variability." Journal of Geophysical Research 44 [10.1002/2016JA023508]

    Sutter, B., A. C. McAdam, P. R. Mahaffy, et al. D. W. Ming, K. S. Edgett, E. B. Rampe, J. L. Eigenbrode, H. B. Franz, C. Freissinet, J. P. Grotzinger, A. Steele, C. H. House, P. D. Archer, C. A. Malespin, R. Navarro-González, J. C. Stern, J. F. Bell, F. J. Calef, R. Gellert, D. P. Glavin, L. M. Thompson, and A. S. Yen. 2017. "Evolved Gas Analyses of Sedimentary Rocks and Eolian Sediment in Gale Crater, Mars: Results of the Curiosity Rover's Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) Instrument from Yellowknife Bay to the Namib Dune." Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets 122 [10.1002/2016je005225]

    Franz, H. B., A. C. McAdam, D. W. Ming, et al. C. Freissinet, P. R. Mahaffy, D. L. Eldridge, W. W. Fischer, J. P. Grotzinger, C. H. House, J. A. Hurowitz, S. M. McLennan, S. P. Schwenzer, D. T. Vaniman, P. D. Archer Jr, S. K. Atreya, P. G. Conrad, J. W. Dottin III, J. L. Eigenbrode, K. A. Farley, D. P. Glavin, S. S. Johnson, C. A. Knudson, R. V. Morris, R. Navarro-González, A. A. Pavlov, R. Plummer, E. B. Rampe, J. C. Stern, A. Steele, R. E. Summons, and B. Sutter. 2017. "Large sulfur isotope fractionations in Martian sediments at Gale crater." Nature Geoscience [10.1038/ngeo3002]

    Girazian, Z., P. Mahaffy, R. J. Lillis, et al. M. Benna, M. Elrod, C. M. Fowler, and D. L. Mitchell. 2017. "Ion Densities in the Nightside Ionosphere of Mars: Effects of Electron Impact Ionization." Geophysical Research Letters [10.1002/2017gl075431]

    François, P., C. Szopa, A. Buch, et al. P. Coll, A. C. McAdam, P. R. Mahaffy, C. Freissinet, D. P. Glavin, R. Navarro-Gonzalez, and M. Cabane. 2016. "Magnesium sulfate as a key mineral for the detection of organic molecules on Mars using pyrolysis." Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets 121 (1): 61-74 [10.1002/2015je004884]

    Conrad, P., C. Malespin, H. Franz, et al. R. Pepin, M. Trainer, S. Schwenzer, S. Atreya, C. Freissinet, J. Jones, H. Manning, T. Owen, A. Pavlov, R. Wiens, M. Wong, and P. Mahaffy. 2016. "In situ measurement of atmospheric krypton and xenon on Mars with Mars Science Laboratory." Earth and Planetary Science Letters 454 1-9 [10.1016/j.epsl.2016.08.028]

    Vasconcelos, P. M., K. A. Farley, C. A. Malespin, et al. P. Mahaffy, D. Ming, S. M. McLennan, J. A. Hurowitz, and M. S. Rice. 2016. "Discordant K-Ar and Young Exposure Dates for the Windjana sandstone, Kimberley, Gale Crater, Mars." Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets (In Press) [10.1002/2016je005017]

    Freissinet, C., D. P. Glavin, P. R. Mahaffy, et al. P. R. Miller, J. L. Eigenbrode, R. E. Summons, A. E. Brunner, A. Buch, C. Szopa, P. D. Archer, H. B. Franz, S. K. Atreya, W. B. Brinckerhoff, M. Cabane, P. Coll, P. C. Conrad, D. J. Des Marais, J. P. Dworkin, A. G. Fairén, P. François, J. P. Grotzinger, S. Kashyap, I. L. Kate, L. A. Leshin, C. A. Malespin, M. G. Martin, F. J. Martin-Torres, A. C. McAdam, D. W. Ming, R. Navarro-González, A. A. Pavlov, B. D. Prats, S. W. Squyres, A. Steele, J. C. Stern, D. Y. Sumner, B. Sutter, and M. P. Zorzano. 2015. "Organic molecules in the Sheepbed Mudstone, Gale Crater, Mars." Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets 120 495-514 [10.1002/2014JE004737 ]

    Stern, J. C., B. Sutter, C. Freissinet, et al. R. Navarro-Gonzalez, C. P. McKay, P. D. Archer Jr., A. Buch, A. E. Brunner, P. Coll, J. L. Eigenbrode, A. G. Fairen, H. B. Franz, D. P. Glavin, S. Kashyap, A. C. Mcadam, D. W. Ming, A. Steele, C. Szopa, J. J. Wray, F. J. Martin-Torres, M.-P. Zorzano, P. G. Conrad, and P. R. Mahaffy. 2015. "Evidence for indigenous nitrogen in sedimentary and aeolian deposits from the Curiosity rover investigations at Gale crater, Mars." Proceedings of National Academy of Science [10.1073/pnas.1420932112]

    Franz, H. B., M. G. Trainer, M. H. Wong, et al. P. R. Mahaffy, S. K. Atreya, H. L. Manning, and J. C. Stern. 2015. "Reevaluated martian atmospheric mixing ratios from the mass spectrometer on the Curiosity rover." Planetary and Space Science 109-110 154-158 [doi:10.1016/j.pss.2015.02.014]

    Arevalo Jr., R., W. B. Brinckerhoff, F. Van Amerom, et al. R. M. Danell, V. T. Pinnick, X. Li, S. A. Getty, L. M. Hovmand, A. Grubisic, P. R. Mahaffy, F. Goesmann, and H. Steininger. 2015. "Design and Demonstration of the Mars Organic Molecule Analyzer (MOMA) on the ExoMars 2018 Rover." IEEE Aerospace

    McAdam, A. C., H. B. Franz, B. Sutter, et al. P. D. Archer Jr, C. Freissinet, J. L. Eigenbrode, D. W. Ming, S. K. Atreya, D. L. Bish, D. F. Blake, H. E. Bower, A. Brunner, A. Buch, D. P. Glavin, J. P. Grotzinger, P. R. Mahaffy, S. M. McLennan, R. V. Morris, R. Navarro-Gonzalez, E. B. Rampe, S. W. Squyres, A. Steele, J. C. Stern, D. Y. Sumner, and J. J. Wray. 2014. "Sulfur-bearing Phases Detected by Evolved Gas Analysis of the Rocknest Aeolian Deposit, Gale Crater." J. Geophys. Res. 119 373-393 [10.1002/2013JE004518]

    Archer, P. D., H. B. Franz, B. Sutter, et al. R. D. Arevalo Jr, P. Coll, J. L. Eigenbrode, D. P. Glavin, J. J. Jones, L. A. Leshin, P. Mahaffy, A. C. Mcadam, C. P. McKay, D. W. Ming, R. V. Morris, R. Navarro-González, P. B. Niles, A. Pavlov, S. W. Squyres, J. C. Stern, A. Steele, and J. J. Wray. 2014. "Abundances and Implications of Volatile-bearing Species from Evolved Gas Analysis of the Rocknest Aeolian Deposit, Gale Crater, Mars." Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets 119 237-254 [10.1002/2013JE004493]

    Franz, H. B., M. G. Trainer, M. H. Wong, et al. H. Manning, J. C. Stern, P. R. Mahaffy, S. K. Atreya, M. Bennaa, P. G. Conrad, D. N. Harpold, L. A. Leshin, C. A. Malespin, C. P. McKay, J. T. Nolan, and E. Raaen. 2014. "Analytical Techniques for Retrieval of Atmospheric Composition with the Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer of the Sample Analysis at Mars Instrument Suite on Mars Science Laboratory." Planet. Space Sci. [10.1016/j.pss.2014.03.005]

    Misra, P., R. Garcia, P. R. Mahaffy, J. Canham, and D. E. Jallice. 2014. "SAM/MSL Terrestrial Background Spectral Library." NASA Tech Briefs, Software Supplement 23

    Stern, J. C., A. C. Mcadam, I. L. ten Kate, et al. D. L. Bish, D. F. Blake, R. V. Morris, R. Bowden, M. L. Fogel, M. Glamoclijca, P. R. Mahaffy, A. Steele, and H. E. Amundsen. 2013. "Isotopic and geochemical investigation of two distinct Mars analog environments using evolved gas techniques in Svalbard, Norway." Icarus 224 (2013): 297-308

    Mcadam, A. C., P. R. Mahaffy, I. L. ten Kate, et al. D. L. Bish, D. F. Blake, R. V. Morris, R. Bowden, M. L. Fogel, M. Glamoclija, A. Steele, and H. E. Amundsen. 2013. "Isotopic and Geochemical Investigation of Two Distinct Mars Analog Environments Using Evolved Gas Techniques in Svalbard." Icarus 224 (2013): 297-308

    Mcadam, A. C., P. R. Mahaffy, I. L. ten Kate, D. L. Bish, and D. F. Blake. 2013. "Isotopic and Geochemical Investigation of Two Distinct Mars Analog Environments Using Evolved Gas Techniques in Svalbard."

    Glavin, D. P., C. Freissinet, K. E. Miller, et al. J. L. Eigenbrode, A. E. Brunner, A. Buch, B. Sutter, P. D. Archer Jr., S. K. Atreya, W. B. Brinckerhoff, M. Cabane, P. Coll, P. G. Conrad, D. Coscia, J. P. Dworkin, H. B. Franz, J. P. Grotzinger, L. A. Leshin, M. G. Martin, C. McKay, D. W. Ming, R. Navarro-González, A. Pavlov, A. Steele, R. E. Summons, C. Szopa, S. Teinturier, and P. R. Mahaffy. 2013. "Evidence for perchlorates and the origin of chlorinated hydrocarbons detected by SAM at the Rocknest aeolian deposit in Gale Crater." J. Geophys. Res. 118 1955 – 1973 [10.1002/jgre.20144]

    Wong, M. H., S. K. Atreya, P. N. Mahaffy, et al. H. B. Franz, C. Malespin, M. G. Trainer, J. C. Stern, P. G. Conrad, H. Manning, R. O. Pepin, R. H. Becker, C. P. McKay, T. C. Owen, R. Navarro-Gonzaalez, J. H. Jones, B. M. Jakosky, and A. Steele. 2013. "Isotopes of Nitrogen on Mars: Atmospheric Measurements by Curiosity's Mass Spectrometer." Geophys. Res. Lett. 40 6033-6037 [10.1002/2013GL057840]

    Mahaffy, P. R., C. R. Webster, S. K. Atreya, et al. H. Franz, M. Wong, P. G. Conrad, D. Harpold, J. J. Jones, L. A. Leshin, H. Manning, T. Owen, R. O. Pepin, S. Squyres, and M. Trainer. 2013. "Abundance and Isotopic Composition of Gases in the Martian Atmosphere from the Curiosity Rover." Science 341 (6143): 263-266 [10.1126/science.1237966]

    Glavin, D. P., C. Freissinet, K. E. Miller, et al. J. L. Eigenbrode, A. E. Brunner, A. Buch, B. Sutter, P. D. Archer Jr, S. K. Atreya, W. B. Brinckerhoff, M. Cabane, P. Coll, P. G. Conrad, D. Coscia, J. P. Dworkin, H. B. Franz, J. P. Grotzinger, L. A. Leshin, M. G. Martin, C. McKay, D. W. Ming, R. Navarro-Gonzalez, A. Pavlov, A. Steele, R. E. Summons, C. Szopa, S. Teinturier, and P. R. Mahaffy. 2013. "Evidence for Perchlorates and the Origin of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons Detected by SAM at the Rocknest Aeolian Deposit in Gale Crater." J. Geophys. Res. 118 1955-1973.

    Atreya, S. K., M. G. Trainer, H. B. Franz, et al. M. H. Wong, H. Manning, C. A. Malespin, P. R. Mahaffy, P. G. Conrad, A. E. Brunner, L. A. Leshin, J. H. Jones, C. R. Webster, T. C. Owen, R. O. Pepin, and R. Navarro-Gonzalez. 2013. "Primordial Argon Isotope Fractionation in the Atmosphere of Mars Measured by the SAM Instrument on Curiosity and Implications for Atmospheric Loss." Geophys. Res. Lett. 40 5605-5609.

    Getty, S. A., J. P. Dworkin, D. P. Glavin, et al. M. G. Martin, Y. Zheng, M. A. Balvin, A. E. Southard, S. H. Feng, C. A. Kotecki, C. A. Malespin, and P. R. Mahaffy. 2013. "Organics Analyzer for Sampling Icy Surfaces: a Liquid Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer for Future in situ Small Body Missions." IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings

    Brinckerhoff, W. B., V. T. Pinnick, F. H. van Amerom, et al. R. M. Danell, R. Arevalo Jr., M. S. Atanassova, X. Li, P. R. Mahaffy, R. J. Cotter, F. Goesmann, and H. Steininger. 2013. "Mars Organic Molecule Analyzer (MOMA) Mass Spectrometer for ExoMars 2018 and Beyond." IEEE Aerospace

    Chanover, N., R. Tawalbeh, D. Glenar, et al. D. Voelz, X. Xiao, K. Uckert, P. Boston, T. J. Cornish, S. Ecelberger, S. A. Getty, W. B. Brinckerhoff, and P. Mahaffy. 2012. "Rapid Assessment of High Value Samples: An AOTF-LDTOF Spectrometer Suite for Planetary Surfaces." IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings [10.1109/AERO.2012.6187060]

    Bishop, J., H. B. Franz, W. Goetz, et al. D. Blake, C. Freissinet, H. Steininger, F. Goesmann, W. B. Brinckerhoff, S. A. Getty, V. T. Pinnick, and P. R. Mahaffy. 2012. "Coordinated analyses of Antarctic sediments as Mars analog materials using reflectance spectroscopy and current flight-like instruments for CheMin, SAM and MOMA." Icarus 224 (2): 309-325 [10.1016/j.icarus.2012.05.014]

    Glavin, D. P., C. A. Malespin, I. Ten kate, et al. S. A. Getty, V. E. Holmes, E. Mumm, H. B. Franz, M. G. Noreiga, N. J. Dobson, A. E. Southard, S. H. Feng, C. A. Kotecki, J. P. Dworkin, T. Swindle, J. E. Bleacher, J. W. Rice, and P. R. Mahaffy. 2012. "Volatile Analysis by Pyrolysis of Regolith for Planetary Resource Exploration." IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings 1-11, 3-10 [10.1109/AERO.2012.6187065]

    Conrad, P. G., J. L. Eigenbrode, M. O. Von der Heydt, et al. C. T. Mogensen, J. Canham, D. N. Harpold, J. Johnson, T. Errigo, D. P. Glavin, and P. R. Mahaffy. 2012. "The Mars Science Laboratory Organic Check Material." Space Science Reviews 170 (1-4): 479-501 [10.1007/s11214-012-9893-1]

    Webster, C. R., and P. R. Mahaffy. 2011. "Determining the local abundance of Martian methane and its' 13C/12C and D/H isotopic ratios for comparison with related gas and soil analysis on the 2011 Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission." Planetary and Space Science 59 271 [Full Text (Link)] [10.1016/j.pss.2010.08.021]

    Atreya, S. K., O. Witasse, V. F. Chevrier, et al. F. Forget, P. R. Mahaffy, P. Buford Price, C. R. Webster, and R. W. Zurek. 2011. "Methane on Mars: Current observations, interpretation, and future plans." Planetary and Space Science 59 133 [Full Text (Link)] [10.1016/j.pss.2010.10.008]

    Getty, S. A., I. Ten Kate, S. H. Feng, et al. W. B. Brinckerhoff, E. H. Cardiff, V. E. Holmes, T. T. King, M. J. Li, E. Mumm, P. Mahaffy, and D. P. Glavin. 2010. "Development of an evolved gas-time-of-flight mass spectrometer for the Volatile Analysis by Pyrolysis of Regolith (VAPoR) instrument." International Journal of Mass Spectrometry 295 124-132

    Coustenis, A., S. K. Atreya, T. Balint, et al. R. H. Brown, M. K. Dougherty, F. Ferri, M. Fulchignoni, D. Gautier, R. A. Gowen, C. A. Griffith, L. I. Gurvits, R. Jaumann, Y. Langevin, M. R. Leese, J. I. Lunine, C. P. McKay, X. Moussas, I. Müller-Wodarg, F. Neubauer, T. C. Owen, F. Raulin, E. C. Sittler, F. Sohl, C. Sotin, G. Tobie, T. Tokano, E. P. Turtle, J. Wahlund, J. H. Waite, K. H. Baines, J. Blamont, A. J. Coates, I. Dandouras, T. Krimigis, E. Lellouch, R. D. Lorenz, A. Morse, C. C. Porco, M. Hirtzig, J. Saur, T. Spilker, J. C. Zarnecki, E. Choi, N. Achilleos, R. Amils, P. Annan, D. H. Atkinson, Y. Bénilan, C. Bertucci, B. Bézard, G. L. Bjoraker, M. Blanc, L. Boireau, J. Bouman, M. Cabane, M. T. Capria, E. Chassefière, P. Coll, M. Combes, J. F. Cooper, A. Coradini, F. Crary, T. Cravens, I. A. Daglis, E. de Angelis, C. de Bergh, I. de Pater, C. Dunford, G. Durry, O. Dutuit, D. Fairbrother, F. M. Flasar, A. D. Fortes, R. Frampton, M. Fujimoto, M. Galand, O. Grasset, M. Grott, T. Haltigin, A. Herique, F. Hersant, H. Hussmann, W. Ip, R. Johnson, E. Kallio, S. Kempf, M. Knapmeyer, W. Kofman, R. Koop, T. Kostiuk, N. Krupp, M. Küppers, H. Lammer, L. Lara, P. Lavvas, S. Le Mouélic, S. Lebonnois, S. Ledvina, J. Li, T. A. Livengood, R. M. Lopes, J. Lopez-Moreno, D. Luz, P. R. Mahaffy, U. Mall, J. Martinez-Frias, B. Marty, T. McCord, C. Menor Salvan, A. Milillo, D. G. Mitchell, R. Modolo, O. Mousis, M. Nakamura, C. D. Neish, C. A. Nixon, D. Nna Mvondo, G. Orton, M. Paetzold, J. Pitman, S. Pogrebenko, W. Pollard, O. Prieto-Ballesteros, P. Rannou, K. Reh, L. Richter, F. T. Robb, R. Rodrigo, S. Rodriguez, P. Romani, M. Ruiz Bermejo, E. T. Sarris, P. Schenk, B. Schmitt, N. Schmitz, D. Schulze-Makuch, K. Schwingenschuh, A. Selig, B. Sicardy, L. Soderblom, L. J. Spilker, D. Stam, A. Steele, K. Stephan, D. F. Strobel, K. Szego, C. Szopa, R. Thissen, M. G. Tomasko, D. Toublanc, H. Vali, I. Vardavas, V. Vuitton, R. A. West, R. Yelle, and E. F. Young. 2009. "TandEM: Titan and Enceladus mission." Experimental Astronomy 23 893 [Full Text (Link)] [10.1007/s10686-008-9103-z]

    Enna, M., and P. Mahaffy. 2007. "Multi-fluid model of comet 1P/Halley."

    Non-Refereed

    Willis, P., W. B. Brinckerhoff, A. Ricco, et al. S. A. Getty, J. Chapman, J. Creamer, F. Mora, K. Zacny, D. P. Glavin, J. L. Eigenbrode, P. Mahaffy, B. Christner, R. Quinn, and T. Hoehler. 2018. "A universal approach in the search for life at the molecular level." A White Paper in response to the ASTROBIOLOGY SCIENCE STRATEGY FOR THE SEARCH FOR LIFE IN THE UNIVERSE

    Glavin, D. P., C. Freissinet, P. R. Mahaffy, et al. K. Miller, J. Eigenbrode, R. Summons, M. Martin, H. Franz, A. Steele, D. Archer, S. Atreya, W. Brinckerhoff, A. Brunner, A. Buch, M. Cabane, P. Coll, P. Conrad, D. Des Marais, J. P. Dworkin, A. Fairen, P. Francois, J. Grotzinger, S. Kashyap, C. Malespin, A. McAdam, D. Ming, R. Navarro-Gonzalez, A. Pavlov, S. Squyres, J. Stern, D. Sumner, B. Sutter, and C. Szopa. 2015. "Martian Chlorobenzene Identified by Curiosity in Yellowknife Bay: Evidence for the Preservation of Organics in a Mudstone on Mars ." Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 46 1178-

    Eigenbrode, J. L., D. P. Glavin, P. Coll, et al. R. E. Summons, P. Mahaffy, D. Archer, A. Brunner, and Et al.. 2013. "Detection of Organic Constituents Including Chloromethylpropene in the Analyses of the Rocknest Drift by Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM)." Lunar and Planetary Science Conference [Full Text (Link)]

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