Josefino Comiso is a senior research scientist at the Cryospheric Sciences Laboratory of the Goddard Space Flight Center. He received his Bachelor of Science degree in Physics from the University of the Philippines, Masters Degree in Physics from Florida State University and Ph. D. in physics from the University of California in Los Angeles. He held a post-doctoral position at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville and worked as a senior consultant for Computer Sciences Corporation before joining NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. At Goddard, his research led to new insights into many important processes in the polar regions including: (a) deep ocean convection and the influence of polynyas and Odden on bottom water formation; (b) phytoplankton blooms and relationships with the sea ice cover and (c) climate change signals as revealed by the changing sea ice cover and accelerated warming in the Arctic region. He was the chief scientist in many NASA aircraft missions in the Arctic and Antarctic that included a flight over a nuclear submarine near the North Pole that demonstrated the feasibility of measuring sea ice thickness from space. He has been a member of satellite sensor teams and has developed algorithms for the retrieval of sea ice concentration, surface temperature, and clouds. He has been the recipient of several NASA awards including the NASA Exceptional Scientific Achievement Medal, outstanding scientist awards by professional societies and institutions and has served as visiting scientist in many international institutes. He is the author or co-author of 5 books,20 book chapters and more than 130 refereed journal articles and is a coordinating lead author of the IPCC/WG1 AR5 (2014) report on "Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis."
Polar Oceanography, sea ice, climate change and satellite remote sensing
Research Interest includes (a) the detection of climate signals from historical satellite data; (b) the role of Odden and polynyas in ocean convection and bottom water formation; (c) air-sea-ice interactions and biological processes in the polar regions; and (d) radiative transfer modeling studies and satellite algorithms for sea ice and ice sheets. Expertise: Polar Oceanography, Sea Ice, Climate Change, Satellite Remote Sensing in the microwave, infrared, and visible regions and Particle Physics.
Current Projects include analysis of multisensor data on sea ice, surface temperature, albedo, clouds and primary productivity in the polar regions
. Continue to do reearch on the quantification of observed changes of physical parameters in the polar regions using multisensory techniques in order to fulfill the objectives of a NASA funded Terra/Aqua Science proposal.
. Continue to do research on net primary production and the monitoring of hot spots in the Arctic Ocean as a NASA funded participant of the Distributed Biological Observatory (DBO).
. Collaborate on the study of the impact of climate and environmental changes on he vegetation of frozen regions in the Arctic with emphasis on the Yamal Penninsula and adjacent Russian region.
. Continue to enhance the Bootstrap algorithm for sea ice concentration using AMSR2 and AMSR-E and do comparative studies with other algorithms and high resolution satellite data.
. Present results of research in workshops and conferences and prepare journal articles to be submitted for publication.
. Continue educational outreach including by serving as reviewer of journal articles and scientific proposals and also by giving lectures and seminars to students and a more general scientific audience. Continue to maintain websites in Neptune/Cryospheric Sciences on sea ice changes and updated DBO parameters.
Instructor in physics at the University of the Philippines in Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines and teaching assistant/associate at Florida State University and UCLA while in graduate school. Have given lectures as Guest Professor at Chiba University in Tokyo, Japan and at the University of the Philippines, Diliman and Mariano Marcos State University, Batac in the Philippines.
1972 Ph.D. Physics, University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA)
1966 M.S. Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL
1962 B.S. Physics, University of the Philippines (UP), Quezon City, Philippines
American Geophysical Union, American Meteorological Society, American Physical Society, Oceanographic Society, PORSEC, IEEE, and International Glaciological Society.
,
1980
-
Present
Coordinating-lead author of Chapter 4 of IPCCWG1/AR5 2014 Report
Contributing author in 2 chapters of IPCC 2007/WG1 Report and expert reviewer of WG3.
Chief Scientist: NASA Aircraft/Nuclear Submarine Arctic Sea Ice Project, 1987
Chief Scientist: NASA Aircraft Okhotsk Sea and Antarctic Campaigns, 2003 and 2004
Principal Investigator (PI) of the sea ice components of the following field projects: 1986, 1988, 1989, 1992 Antarctic Scientific Cruises
PI/Team member of the AMSR-E facility instrument for EOS-Aqua and ADEOS-2
PI/Team member of the AMSR2 instrument on board JAXA/GCOM-W
PI for JERS1 SAR and ERS1 (and ERS2) SAR Polar Projects.
Chairman of Working Group on Cryosphere (WGVIII/10), ISPRS Commission VIII
WCRP/CliC Observational Products Panel (OPP), 1999-2005
Science Advisory Group Member of the MIMR instrument (ESA&NASA), 1992-1996
AMS Committee on Polar Meteorology and Oceanography (1990-93);
Editorial Staff of an AGU Monograph, the Phil. Journal of Science, and Annals of Glaciology
Quest editor and Coordinator of an AGU/JGR-Oceans special section (2006 to 2008)
President (1987-1988) and Chairman of the Board of Directors (2001-2003) of the Philippine American Academy of Science and Engineering (PAASE)
Visiting Scientist/Professor at the Univ. of the Philippines (1995, 2008), University of Tasmania (1996, 97), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (1998, 2000), Chiba Univ. (2006), Mariano Marcos University (2009), Hadley Meteorological Institute (2009).
STX Evaluation Board (1992-2002); NASA Multicultural Diversity Committee (1995-96)
Corresponding Member of the Philippine National Academy of Science and Technology (2016)
Book on Changing Philippine Climate selected as the Outstanding Book of the Year (2015)
NASA Group Achievement Awards (1982, 2003)
NASA Exceptional Scientific Achievement Medal (2013)
NASA/GSFC/HOBI Career Achievement Award (2014)
Performance or Special Service Awards, GSFC (1987, 1991, 94, 96, 2000, 04, 05, 2008-2014)
Outstanding Achievement in Science in 2008, Pan Oceanic Remote Sensing Conf. (PORSEC)
Outstanding Achievement in Science and Medicine (Filipinas Magazine, October 2008)
Distinguished Achievement Award in Science and Engineering (UPAA, Diliman, 2013)
Most Distinguished Alumnus (UP Alumni Association of America, 2007)
Fellow, Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (2006)
Electromagnetics Academy (1990)
Peer Award for Best Paper, Laboratory for Oceans, NASA/GSFC (1988)
Who's Who in the World, in Frontiers of Science & Technology, and in Electromagnetics
Led a NASA overflight as the PI over a nuclear submarine in the Arctic. Results from the experiment provided the basis for the ability to measure thickness of sea ice using a laser altimeter from space.
Was a participant of the first winter cruise over sea ice in the Antarctic
Was the chief scientist of a NASA overflight program in the Arctic/Sea of Okhotsk in 2003
Was the chief scientist of NASA overflight programs in the Antarctic in 2003 and 2004.
Refereed
Bhatt, U. S., D. A. Walker, M. K. Raynolds, et al. 2021. "Climate drivers of Arctic tundra variability and change using an indicators framework."
Environmental Research Letters,
16
(5):
055019
[10.1088/1748-9326/abe676]
Garcia-Eidell, C., J. C. Comiso, M. Berkelhammer, and L. Stock. 2021. "Interrelationships of Sea Surface Salinity, Chlorophyll-α Concentration, and Sea Surface Temperature Near the Antarctic Ice Edge."
Journal of Climate,
1-50
[10.1175/jcli-d-20-0716.1]
Frey, K. E., J. C. Comiso, L. W. Cooper, J. M. Grebmeier, and L. V. Stock. 2020. "Arctic Ocean Primary Productivity:The Response of Marine Algae to Climate Warming and Sea Ice Decline."
Arctic Report Card 2020,
pp. 1-9
[10.25923/vtdn-2198]
Duncan, B. N., L. E. Ott, J. B. Abshire, et al. 2020. "Space‐Based Observations for Understanding Changes in the Arctic‐Boreal Zone."
Reviews of Geophysics,
58
(1):
2019RG000652
[10.1029/2019rg000652]
Garcia‐Eidell, C., J. C. Comiso, E. Dinnat, and L. Brucker. 2019. "Sea Surface Salinity Distribution in the Southern Ocean as Observed from Space."
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans,
2018JC014510
[10.1029/2018jc014510]
Hall, D., R. Cullather, N. DiGirolamo, et al. 2018. "A Multilayer Surface Temperature, Surface Albedo, and Water Vapor Product of Greenland from MODIS."
Remote Sensing,
10
(4):
555
[10.3390/rs10040555]
Gutt, J., E. Isla, A. Bertler, et al. 2018. "Cross-disciplinarity in the advance of Antarctic ecosystem research."
Marine Genomics,
37:
1-17
[10.1016/j.margen.2017.09.006]
Garcia-Eidell, C., J. C. Comiso, E. Dinnat, and L. Brucker. 2017. "Satellite observed salinity distributions at high latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere: A comparison of four products."
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans,
[10.1002/2017jc013184]
Comiso, J. C., W. N. Meier, and R. Gersten. 2017. "Variability and trends in the Arctic Sea ice cover: Results from different techniques."
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans,
122
(8):
6883-6900
[10.1002/2017jc012768]
Bhatt, U. S., D. A. Walker, M. K. Raynolds, et al. 2017. "Changing seasonality of panarctic tundra vegetation in relationship to climatic variables."
Environmental Research Letters,
12
(5):
055003
[10.1088/1748-9326/aa6b0b]
Comiso, J. C., R. Gersten, L. Stock, et al. 2017. "Positive trend in the Antarctic sea ice cover and associated changes in surface temperature."
Journal of Climate,
30:
2251-2267
[doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0408.1]
Kwok, R., J. C. Comiso, T. Lee, and P. R. Holland. 2016. "Linked trends in the South Pacific sea ice edge and Southern Oscillation Index."
Geophysical Research Letters,
43
(19):
10,295-10,302
[10.1002/2016gl070655]
Comiso, J. C. 2016. "Global trends in the sea ice cover and associated surface temperature ."
ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences,
XLI-B8:
469-479
[10.5194/isprsarchives-XLI-B8-469-2016]
Bieniek, P. A., U. S. Bhatt, D. A. Walker, et al. 2015. "Climate drivers linked to changing seasonality of Alaska coastal tundra vegetation productivity."
Earth Interact.,
151016095240009
[10.1175/ei-d-15-0013.1]
Alibuyog, N., and J. C. Comiso. 2015. "Monitoring Rice and Corn Crop Cultivation in Northern Philippines using MODIS Data."
Journal of the Philippine Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society,
1
(1):
41-52.
Perez, G. J., and J. C. Comiso. 2015. "Monitoring Philippine Vegetation using satellite NDVI and EVI data."
Philippine Remote Sensing Journal,
1
(1):
39 - 52.
Alibuyog, N. A., and J. C. Comiso. 2015. "Assessment of rice and corn crops in Northern Philippines using NDVI data from MODIS."
Philippine Remote Sensing Journal,
1
(1):
53 - 64.
Gutt, J., N. Bertler, T. J. Bracegirdle, et al. 2015. "The Southern Ocean ecosystem under multiple climate change stresses - an integrated circumpolar assessment."
Global Change Biology,
21
(4):
1434-1453
[10.1111/gcb.12794]
Comiso, J. C., G. P. Perez, and L. V. Stock. 2015. "Enhanced Pacific Ocean Sea Surface Temperature and Its Relation to Typhoon Haiyan."
Journal of Environmental Science and Management,
18
(1):
1-10.
Perez, G. P., and J. C. Comiso. 2014. "Seasonal and Interannual Variabilities of Philippine Vegetation as Seen from Space."
Philippine Journal of Science,
143
(2):
147-155.
Comiso, J. C. 2014. "Sea Ice Concentration and Extent."
Encyclopedia of Remote Sensing ,
New York: 727-743 ,
ISBN: 978-0-387-36698-2.
[10.1007/978-0-387-36699-9_162]
Comiso, J., and D. Hall. 2014. "Climate trends in the Arctic as observed from space."
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change,
5
(3):
389-409
[10.1002/wcc.277]
Hall, D. K., J. C. Comiso, N. E. Digirolamo, et al. 2013. "Variability in the surface temperature and melt extent of the Greenland ice sheet from MODIS."
Geophys. Res. Lett,
40
(10):
2114-2120
[10.1002/grl.50240]
Chan, M., and J. C. Comiso. 2013. "Arctic Cloud Characteristics as Derived from MODIS, CALIPSO , and CloudSat."
J. Climate,
26
(10):
3285-3306
[10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00204.1]
Bhatt, U., D. A. Walker, M. K. Raynolds, et al. 2013. "Recent Declines in Warming and Vegetation Greening Trends over Pan-Arctic Tundra."
Remote Sensing,
5
(9):
4229-4254
[10.3390/rs5094229]
Hall, D., J. Comiso, N. DiGirolamo, et al. 2012. "A Satellite-Derived Climate-Quality Data Record of the Clear-Sky Surface Temperature of the Greenland Ice Sheet."
Journal of Climate,
25
(14):
4785-4798
[10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00365.1]
Comiso, J. C. 2012. "Large Decadal Decline of the Arctic Multiyear Ice Cover."
Journal of Climate,
25
(4):
1176–1193
[10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00113.1]
Comiso, J., R. Kwok, S. Martin, and A. Gordon. 2011. "Variability and trends in sea ice extent and ice production in the Ross Sea."
J. Geophys. Res.,
116
(C4):
C04021
[10.1029/2010JC006391]
Chan, M., and J. Comiso. 2011. "Cloud features detected by MODIS but not by CloudSat and CALIOP."
Geophysical Research Letters,
38
(24):
L24813
[10.1029/2011GL050063]
Shibata, A., H. Murakami, and J. C. Comiso. 2010. "Sea Surface Temperature in Arctic Ocean from 2002 to 2009 Observed by Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-E."
J. Remote Sensing Society of Japan,
2
(30):
105-113
[10.11440/rssj.30.105]
Bhatt, U., D. Walker, M. Raynolds, et al. 2010. "Circumpolar Arctic Tundra Vegetation Change Is Linked to Sea Ice Decline."
Earth Interactions,
14
(8):
1-20
[10.1175/2010EI315.1]
Comiso, J. C. 2009. "Enhanced sea ice concentrations and ice extents from AMSR-E Data."
J. Remote Sensing Soc. of Japan,
29
(1):
199-215
[10.11440/rssj.29.199]
Steig, E., D. P. Schneider, S. D. Rutherford, et al. 2009. "Corrigendum: Warming of the Antarctic ice-sheet surface since the 1957 International Geophysical Year."
Nature,
460
(7256):
766-766
[10.1038/nature08286]
Walker, D. A., U. S. Blatt, M. K. Reynolds, et al. 2009. "Land Vegetation, in State of the Climate in 2008."
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society,
Walker, D., M. O. Leibman, H. E. Epstein, et al. 2009. "Spatial and temporal patterns of greenness on the Yamal Peninsula, Russia: interactions of ecological and social factors affecting the Arctic normalized difference vegetation index."
Environ. Res. Lett.,
4
(4):
045004
[10.1088/1748-9326/4/4/045004]
Turner, J., J. C. Comiso, G. Marshall, et al. 2009. "Non‐annular atmospheric circulation change induced by stratospheric ozone depletion and its role in the recent increase of Antarctic sea ice extent."
Geophysical Research Letters,
36
(8):
L08502
[10.1029/2009GL037524]
Steig, E. J., D. P. Schneider, S. D. Rutherford, et al. 2009. "Warming of the Antarctic ice-sheet surface since the 1957 International Geophysical Year."
Nature,
457
(7228):
459-462
[10.1038/nature07669]
Smith Jr, W. O., and J. Comiso. 2008. "Influence of sea ice on primary production in the Southern Ocean: A satellite perspective."
J. Geophys. Res.,
113
(C5):
C05S93
[10.1029/2007JC004251]
Richter-Menge, J., J. Comiso, S. Nghiem, W. Meier, and D. Perovich. 2008. "Sea ice cover in State of the Climate in 2007."
Special Supplement to the Bull. Amer. Met. Soc,
7
(89):
90-94.
Zhang, X., A. Sorteberg, J. Zhang, R. Gerdes, and J. Comiso. 2008. "Recent radical shifts of atmospheric circulations and rapid changes in Arctic climate system."
Geophysical Research Letters,
35
(22):
L22701
[10.1029/2008GL035607]
Comiso, J. C., and F. Nishio. 2008. "Trends in the sea ice cover using enhanced and compatible AMSR-E, SSM/I, and SMMR data."
J. Geophys. Res.,
113
(C2):
C02S07
[10.1029/2007JC004257]
Naoki, K., J. Ukita, F. Nishio, et al. 2008. "Thin sea ice thickness as inferred from passive microwave and in situ observations."
J Geophys Res,
113
(C2):
C02S16
[10.1029/2007JC004270]
Monaghan, A., D. Bromwich, W. Chapman, and J. C. Comiso. 2008. "Recent variability and trends of Antarctic near-surface temperature."
J. Geophys. Res.,
113
(D4):
D04105
[10.1029/2007JD009094]
Comiso, J. C., and K. Steffen. 2008. "Introduction to special section on Large-Scale Characteristics of the Sea Ice Cover from AMSR-E and Other Satellite Sensors."
J Geophys Res,
113
(C2):
C02S01
[10.1029/2007JC004442]
Comiso, J. C., and C. L. Parkinson. 2008. "Arctic sea ice parameters from AMSR-E data using two techniques and comparisons with sea ice from SSM/I."
Journal of Geophysical Research,
113
(C2):
C02S05
[10.1029/2007JC004255]
Parkinson, C. L., and J. C. Comiso. 2008. "Antarctic sea ice parameters from AMSR-E data using two techniques and comparisons with sea ice from SSM/I."
Journal of Geophysical Research,
113
(C2):
C02S06
[10.1029/2007JC004253]
Comiso, J. C., C. L. Parkinson, R. A. Gersten, and L. V. Stock. 2008. "Accelerated decline in the Arctic sea ice cover."
Geophysical Research Letters,
35
(1):
L01703
[10.1029/2007GL031972]
Leuschen, C., R. Swift, J. C. Comiso, et al. 2008. "Combination of laser and radar altimeter height measurements to estimate snow depth during the 2004 Antarctic AMSR-E Sea Ice field campaign."
J Geophys Res,
113
(C4):
C04S90
[10.1029/2007JC004285]
Raynolds, M. K., J. C. Comiso, D. A. Walker, and D. Verbyla. 2008. "Relationship between satellite-derived land surface temperatures, arctic vegetation types, and NDVI."
Remote Sensing of Environment,
112
(4):
1884-1894
[10.1016/j.rse.2007.09.008]
Gordon, A., M. Visbeck, and J. C. Comiso. 2007. "A Possible Link between the Weddell Polynya and the Southern Annular Mode."
J Clim,
20
(11):
2558-2571
[10.1175/JCLI4046.1]
Yang, J., and J. C. Comiso. 2007. "An unexpected seasonal variability of salinity in the Beaufort Sea upper layer in 1996-1998."
J Geophys Res,
112
(C05034):
13 pp
[10.1029/2004JC002716]
Yang, J., and J. Comiso. 2007. "An unexpected seasonal variability of salinity in the Beaufort Sea upper layer in 1996–1998."
J. Geophys. Res.,
112
(C5):
C05034
[10.1029/2004JC002716]
Kwok, R., J. C. Comiso, S. Martin, and R. Drucker. 2007. "Ross Sea polynyas: Response of ice concentration retrievals to large areas of thin ice."
J Geophys Res,
112
(C12012):
13 pp.
Li, J. J., H. J. Zwally, and J. C. Comiso. 2007. "Ice-sheet elevation changes caused by variations of the firn compaction rate induced by satellite-observed temperature variations (1982–2003)."
Annals of Glaciology,
46
(1):
8-13
[10.3189/172756407782871486]
Lemke, P., and J. C. Comiso. 2007. "Observations: Changes in Snow, Ice and Frozen Ground."
Our Changing Planet: The View from Space,
Cambridge, United Kingdom: 337-383,
ISBN: 9780521828703.
Drinkwater, M. R., and J. C. Comiso. 2007. "Sea Ice: The Shifting Crust of Southern Ocean."
Our Changing Planet: The View from Space,
Cambridge, United Kingdom: 238-242,
ISBN: 9780521828703.
Comiso, J. C., and M. R. Drinkwater. 2007. "Antarctic Polynyas: Ventilation, Bottom Water, and High Productivity for the World's Oceans."
Our Changing Planet: The View from Space,
Cambridge, United Kingdom: 243-249,
ISBN: 9780521828703.
Comiso, J. C. 2006. "Arctic warming signals from satellite observations."
Weather,
61
(3):
70-76
[10.1256/wea.222.05]
Comiso, J. C. 2006. "Abrupt decline in the Arctic winter sea ice cover."
Geophys Res Letts,
33
(18):
L18504
[10.1029/2006GL027341]
Massom, R., A. Worby, V. Lytle, et al. 2006. "ARISE (Antarctic Remote Sensing Experiment) in the East 2003: Validation of satellite-derived sea-ice data products."
Ann Glaciol,
44
(1):
288
[10.3189/172756406781811268]
Massom, R., M. Pook, J. C. Comiso, et al. 2004. "Precipitation over the Interior East Antarctic Ice Sheet Related to Midlatitude Blocking-High Activity."
J Clim,
17:
1914-1928.
Comiso, J. C., and C. L. Parkinson. 2004. "Satellite-observed changes in the Arctic."
Physics Today,
57
(8):
38-44.
Comiso, J. C. 2004. "Sea ice concentration algorithm for AMSR-E data."
Rivista Italiana di Telerilevamento,
(30/31):
119-130.
Worby, A. P., and J. C. Comiso. 2004. "Studies of the Antarctic sea ice edge and ice extent from satellite and ship observations."
Remote Sens Environ,
92:
98-111.
Schneider, D. P., J. C. Comiso, and E. J. Steig. 2004. "Recent Climate Variability in Antarctica from Satellite-Derived Temperature Data."
J Clim,
17:
1569-1583.
Cota, G. F., J. Wang, and J. C. Comiso. 2004. "Transformation of global satellite chlorophyll retrievals with a regionally tuned algorithm."
Remote Sens Environ,
90:
373-377.
Yang, J., J. C. Comiso, D. Walsh, R. Krishfield, and S. Honjo. 2004. "Storm-driven mixing and potential impact on the Arctic Ocean."
J Geophys Res,
109:
40196.
Ackley, S., P. Wadhams, J. C. Comiso, and A. P. Worby. 2003. "Decadal decrease of Antarctic sea ice extent inferred from whaling records revisited on the basis of historical and modern sea ice records."
Polar Res,
22
(1):
19-25
[10.3402/polar.v22i1.6439]
Comiso, J. C., D. J. Cavalieri, and T. Markus. 2003. "Sea ice concentration, ice temperature, and snow depth using AMSR-E data."
IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing,
41
(2):
243-252
[10.1109/TGRS.2002.808317]
Comiso, J. C. 2003. "Large Scale Characteristics and Variability of the Global Sea Ice Cover, in Sea Ice, An Introduction to its Physics, Chemistry, Biology and Geology."
Blackwell publishing,
Chap 4:
112-142.
King, J. C., and J. C. Comiso. 2003. "The Spatial Coherence of Interannual Temperature Variations in the Antarctic Peninsula."
Geophys Res Lett,
30
(2):
12-1 - 12-4.
Comiso, J. C. 2003. "Warming Trends in the Arctic form Clear-Sky Satellite Observations."
J Clim,
16:
3498-3510.
Comiso, J. C. 2002. "Correlation and trend studies of the sea-ice cover and surface temperatures in the Arctic."
Ann Glaciol,
34
(1):
420-428(9)
[10.3189/172756402781818067]
Zwally, H. J., J. C. Comiso, C. L. Parkinson, D. J. Cavalieri, and P. Gloersen. 2002. "Variability of Antarctic sea ice 1979–1998."
Journal of Geophysical Research,
107
(C5):
9-1 - 9-19.
[10.1029/2000JC000733]
Comiso, J. C. 2002. "A rapidly decling perennial sea ice cover in the Arctic."
Geophys Res Lett,
29
(20):
17-1 - 17-4
[10.1029/2002GL015650]
Shuman, C. A., and J. C. Comiso. 2002. "In situ and satellite surface temperature records in Antarctica."
Ann Glaciol,
34:
113-120.
Kwok, R., and J. C. Comiso. 2002. "Southern Ocean Climate and Sea Ice Anomalies Associated with the Southern Oscillation."
J Clim,
15:
487-501.
Kwok, R., and J. C. Comiso. 2002. "Spatial patterns of variability in Antarctic surface temperature: Connections to the Southern Hemisphere Annular Mode and the Southern Oscillation."
Geophys Res Lett,
29
(14):
50-1 - 50-4.
Gloersen, P., W. J. Campbell, D. J. Cavalieri, et al. 1992. "Arctic and Antarctic Sea Ice, 1978-1987: Satellite Passive-Microwave Observations and Analysis."
NASA SP-511:
Washington, D.C.: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 290 pp.
Parkinson, C. L., J. C. Comiso, H. J. Zwally, et al. 1987. "Arctic Sea Ice, 1973-1976: Satellite Passive-Microwave Observations."
NASA SP-489:
Washington, D.C.: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 296 pp.
Zwally, H. J., J. C. Comiso, C. L. Parkinson, et al. 1983. "Antarctic Sea Ice, 1973-1976: Satellite Passive-Microwave Observations."
NASA SP-459:
Washington, D.C.: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 206 pp.
Non-Refereed
Comiso, J. C. 2015. "Variability and trends of the Global Sea Ice Covers and Sea Levels: Effects on Physicochemical Parameters."
Climate Change and Marine and Freshwater Toxins
Berlin, Germany:
ISBN: 978-3-11-033359-6.
Babin, M., K. Arrigo, S. Bélanger, M. Benoît-Gagné, and J. C. Comiso, eds. 2015. "Ocean Colour Remote Sensing in Polar Seas."
International Ocean-Colour Coordinating Group (IOCCG)
16:
pp. 129.
Goetz, S., H. E. Epstein, D. Alcaraz, et al. 2011. "Recent changes in Arctic vegetation: satellite observations and simulation model predictions."
Eurasian Arctic land cover and land use in a changing climate
306:
Amsterdam:
Walker, D., B. C. Forbes, M. O. Leibman, et al. 2010. "Cumulative effects of rapid land-cover and land-use changes on the Yamal Peninsula, Russia."
Eurasian Arctic Land Cover and Land Use in a Changing Climate
Amsterdam: 207-236
[10.1007/978-90-481-9118-5_9]
Comiso, J. C. 2010. "Polar Oceans from Space."
41
(Atmospheric and Ocea):
New York: Springer, 1 -507,
ISBN: 978-0-387-36628-9.
[doi 10.1007/978-0-387- 68300-3]
Comiso, J. C. 2010. "Variability and Trends of the Global Sea ice Cover."
Sea Ice - an introduction to its physics, biology, chemistry, and geology
Oxford, UK: 205-246.
Smith, W., and J. C. Comiso. 2009. "Southern ocean primary productivity: Variability and a view to the future."
Smithsonian at the Poles: Contributions to the International Polar Year Science
309-318,
ISBN: 978-0-9788460-1-5.
[10.5479/si.097884601X.23]
Comiso, J. C. 2007. "A Big Arctic Perennial Ice Anomaly."
PORSEC Bulletin
1.3:
2 pp
[Full Text (Link)]
Comiso, J. C. 2007. "A Blue Arctic Ocean and Climate Tipping Points."
The Philippine Star
Manila, Phillippines, 1 pp
[Full Text (Link)]
Comiso, J. C. 2007. "Surface Temperature and Albedo."
IGOS Croyosphere Theme Report
39-40.
Cavalieri, D. J., J. Maslanik, T. Markus, et al. 2003. "EOS Aqua AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice Validation Program."
Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng
4894:
Hangzhou, China, 413-424
[10.1117/12.467791]
Parkinson, C. L., J. C. Comiso, and H. J. Zwally. 1987. "Satellite-derived ice data sets No. 2: Arctic monthly average microwave brightness temperatures and sea ice concentrations, 1973-1976."
NASA Technical Memorandum 87825
Greenbelt, Maryland: 39 pp.
Refereed
Bhatt, U. S., D. A. Walker, M. K. Raynolds, et al. 2021. "Climate drivers of Arctic tundra variability and change using an indicators framework."
Environmental Research Letters
16
(5):
055019
[10.1088/1748-9326/abe676]
Garcia-Eidell, C., J. C. Comiso, M. Berkelhammer, and L. Stock. 2021. "Interrelationships of Sea Surface Salinity, Chlorophyll-α Concentration, and Sea Surface Temperature Near the Antarctic Ice Edge."
Journal of Climate
1-50
[10.1175/jcli-d-20-0716.1]
Frey, K. E., J. C. Comiso, L. W. Cooper, J. M. Grebmeier, and L. V. Stock. 2020. "Arctic Ocean Primary Productivity:The Response of Marine Algae to Climate Warming and Sea Ice Decline."
Arctic Report Card 2020
pp. 1-9
[10.25923/vtdn-2198]
Duncan, B. N., L. E. Ott, J. B. Abshire, et al. 2020. "Space‐Based Observations for Understanding Changes in the Arctic‐Boreal Zone."
Reviews of Geophysics
58
(1):
2019RG000652
[10.1029/2019rg000652]
Garcia‐Eidell, C., J. C. Comiso, E. Dinnat, and L. Brucker. 2019. "Sea Surface Salinity Distribution in the Southern Ocean as Observed from Space."
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
2018JC014510
[10.1029/2018jc014510]
Hall, D., R. Cullather, N. DiGirolamo, et al. 2018. "A Multilayer Surface Temperature, Surface Albedo, and Water Vapor Product of Greenland from MODIS."
Remote Sensing
10
(4):
555
[10.3390/rs10040555]
Gutt, J., E. Isla, A. Bertler, et al. 2018. "Cross-disciplinarity in the advance of Antarctic ecosystem research."
Marine Genomics
37
1-17
[10.1016/j.margen.2017.09.006]
Garcia-Eidell, C., J. C. Comiso, E. Dinnat, and L. Brucker. 2017. "Satellite observed salinity distributions at high latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere: A comparison of four products."
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
[10.1002/2017jc013184]
Comiso, J. C., W. N. Meier, and R. Gersten. 2017. "Variability and trends in the Arctic Sea ice cover: Results from different techniques."
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
122
(8):
6883-6900
[10.1002/2017jc012768]
Bhatt, U. S., D. A. Walker, M. K. Raynolds, et al. 2017. "Changing seasonality of panarctic tundra vegetation in relationship to climatic variables."
Environmental Research Letters
12
(5):
055003
[10.1088/1748-9326/aa6b0b]
Comiso, J. C., R. Gersten, L. Stock, et al. 2017. "Positive trend in the Antarctic sea ice cover and associated changes in surface temperature."
Journal of Climate
30
2251-2267
[doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0408.1]
Kwok, R., J. C. Comiso, T. Lee, and P. R. Holland. 2016. "Linked trends in the South Pacific sea ice edge and Southern Oscillation Index."
Geophysical Research Letters
43
(19):
10,295-10,302
[10.1002/2016gl070655]
Comiso, J. C. 2016. "Global trends in the sea ice cover and associated surface temperature ."
ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences
XLI-B8
469-479
[10.5194/isprsarchives-XLI-B8-469-2016]
Bieniek, P. A., U. S. Bhatt, D. A. Walker, et al. 2015. "Climate drivers linked to changing seasonality of Alaska coastal tundra vegetation productivity."
Earth Interact.
151016095240009
[10.1175/ei-d-15-0013.1]
Alibuyog, N., and J. C. Comiso. 2015. "Monitoring Rice and Corn Crop Cultivation in Northern Philippines using MODIS Data."
Journal of the Philippine Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society
1
(1):
41-52
Perez, G. J., and J. C. Comiso. 2015. "Monitoring Philippine Vegetation using satellite NDVI and EVI data."
Philippine Remote Sensing Journal
1
(1):
39 - 52
Alibuyog, N. A., and J. C. Comiso. 2015. "Assessment of rice and corn crops in Northern Philippines using NDVI data from MODIS."
Philippine Remote Sensing Journal
1
(1):
53 - 64
Gutt, J., N. Bertler, T. J. Bracegirdle, et al. 2015. "The Southern Ocean ecosystem under multiple climate change stresses - an integrated circumpolar assessment."
Global Change Biology
21
(4):
1434-1453
[10.1111/gcb.12794]
Comiso, J. C., G. P. Perez, and L. V. Stock. 2015. "Enhanced Pacific Ocean Sea Surface Temperature and Its Relation to Typhoon Haiyan."
Journal of Environmental Science and Management
18
(1):
1-10
Perez, G. P., and J. C. Comiso. 2014. "Seasonal and Interannual Variabilities of Philippine Vegetation as Seen from Space."
Philippine Journal of Science
143
(2):
147-155
Comiso, J. C. 2014. "Sea Ice Concentration and Extent."
Encyclopedia of Remote Sensing
727-743
[10.1007/978-0-387-36699-9_162]
Comiso, J., and D. Hall. 2014. "Climate trends in the Arctic as observed from space."
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change
5
(3):
389-409
[10.1002/wcc.277]
Hall, D. K., J. C. Comiso, N. E. Digirolamo, et al. 2013. "Variability in the surface temperature and melt extent of the Greenland ice sheet from MODIS."
Geophys. Res. Lett
40
(10):
2114-2120
[10.1002/grl.50240]
Chan, M., and J. C. Comiso. 2013. "Arctic Cloud Characteristics as Derived from MODIS, CALIPSO , and CloudSat."
J. Climate
26
(10):
3285-3306
[10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00204.1]
Bhatt, U., D. A. Walker, M. K. Raynolds, et al. 2013. "Recent Declines in Warming and Vegetation Greening Trends over Pan-Arctic Tundra."
Remote Sensing
5
(9):
4229-4254
[10.3390/rs5094229]
Hall, D., J. Comiso, N. DiGirolamo, et al. 2012. "A Satellite-Derived Climate-Quality Data Record of the Clear-Sky Surface Temperature of the Greenland Ice Sheet."
Journal of Climate
25
(14):
4785-4798
[10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00365.1]
Comiso, J. C. 2012. "Large Decadal Decline of the Arctic Multiyear Ice Cover."
Journal of Climate
25
(4):
1176–1193
[10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00113.1]
Comiso, J., R. Kwok, S. Martin, and A. Gordon. 2011. "Variability and trends in sea ice extent and ice production in the Ross Sea."
J. Geophys. Res.
116
(C4):
C04021
[10.1029/2010JC006391]
Chan, M., and J. Comiso. 2011. "Cloud features detected by MODIS but not by CloudSat and CALIOP."
Geophysical Research Letters
38
(24):
L24813
[10.1029/2011GL050063]
Shibata, A., H. Murakami, and J. C. Comiso. 2010. "Sea Surface Temperature in Arctic Ocean from 2002 to 2009 Observed by Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-E."
J. Remote Sensing Society of Japan
2
(30):
105-113
[10.11440/rssj.30.105]
Bhatt, U., D. Walker, M. Raynolds, et al. 2010. "Circumpolar Arctic Tundra Vegetation Change Is Linked to Sea Ice Decline."
Earth Interactions
14
(8):
1-20
[10.1175/2010EI315.1]
Comiso, J. C. 2009. "Enhanced sea ice concentrations and ice extents from AMSR-E Data."
J. Remote Sensing Soc. of Japan
29
(1):
199-215
[10.11440/rssj.29.199]
Steig, E., D. P. Schneider, S. D. Rutherford, et al. 2009. "Corrigendum: Warming of the Antarctic ice-sheet surface since the 1957 International Geophysical Year."
Nature
460
(7256):
766-766
[10.1038/nature08286]
Walker, D. A., U. S. Blatt, M. K. Reynolds, et al. 2009. "Land Vegetation, in State of the Climate in 2008."
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
Walker, D., M. O. Leibman, H. E. Epstein, et al. 2009. "Spatial and temporal patterns of greenness on the Yamal Peninsula, Russia: interactions of ecological and social factors affecting the Arctic normalized difference vegetation index."
Environ. Res. Lett.
4
(4):
045004
[10.1088/1748-9326/4/4/045004]
Turner, J., J. C. Comiso, G. Marshall, et al. 2009. "Non‐annular atmospheric circulation change induced by stratospheric ozone depletion and its role in the recent increase of Antarctic sea ice extent."
Geophysical Research Letters
36
(8):
L08502
[10.1029/2009GL037524]
Steig, E. J., D. P. Schneider, S. D. Rutherford, et al. 2009. "Warming of the Antarctic ice-sheet surface since the 1957 International Geophysical Year."
Nature
457
(7228):
459-462
[10.1038/nature07669]
Smith Jr, W. O., and J. Comiso. 2008. "Influence of sea ice on primary production in the Southern Ocean: A satellite perspective."
J. Geophys. Res.
113
(C5):
C05S93
[10.1029/2007JC004251]
Richter-Menge, J., J. Comiso, S. Nghiem, W. Meier, and D. Perovich. 2008. "Sea ice cover in State of the Climate in 2007."
Special Supplement to the Bull. Amer. Met. Soc
7
(89):
90-94
Zhang, X., A. Sorteberg, J. Zhang, R. Gerdes, and J. Comiso. 2008. "Recent radical shifts of atmospheric circulations and rapid changes in Arctic climate system."
Geophysical Research Letters
35
(22):
L22701
[10.1029/2008GL035607]
Comiso, J. C., and F. Nishio. 2008. "Trends in the sea ice cover using enhanced and compatible AMSR-E, SSM/I, and SMMR data."
J. Geophys. Res.
113
(C2):
C02S07
[10.1029/2007JC004257]
Naoki, K., J. Ukita, F. Nishio, et al. 2008. "Thin sea ice thickness as inferred from passive microwave and in situ observations."
J Geophys Res
113
(C2):
C02S16
[10.1029/2007JC004270]
Monaghan, A., D. Bromwich, W. Chapman, and J. C. Comiso. 2008. "Recent variability and trends of Antarctic near-surface temperature."
J. Geophys. Res.
113
(D4):
D04105
[10.1029/2007JD009094]
Comiso, J. C., and K. Steffen. 2008. "Introduction to special section on Large-Scale Characteristics of the Sea Ice Cover from AMSR-E and Other Satellite Sensors."
J Geophys Res
113
(C2):
C02S01
[10.1029/2007JC004442]
Comiso, J. C., and C. L. Parkinson. 2008. "Arctic sea ice parameters from AMSR-E data using two techniques and comparisons with sea ice from SSM/I."
Journal of Geophysical Research
113
(C2):
C02S05
[10.1029/2007JC004255]
Parkinson, C. L., and J. C. Comiso. 2008. "Antarctic sea ice parameters from AMSR-E data using two techniques and comparisons with sea ice from SSM/I."
Journal of Geophysical Research
113
(C2):
C02S06
[10.1029/2007JC004253]
Comiso, J. C., C. L. Parkinson, R. A. Gersten, and L. V. Stock. 2008. "Accelerated decline in the Arctic sea ice cover."
Geophysical Research Letters
35
(1):
L01703
[10.1029/2007GL031972]
Leuschen, C., R. Swift, J. C. Comiso, et al. 2008. "Combination of laser and radar altimeter height measurements to estimate snow depth during the 2004 Antarctic AMSR-E Sea Ice field campaign."
J Geophys Res
113
(C4):
C04S90
[10.1029/2007JC004285]
Raynolds, M. K., J. C. Comiso, D. A. Walker, and D. Verbyla. 2008. "Relationship between satellite-derived land surface temperatures, arctic vegetation types, and NDVI."
Remote Sensing of Environment
112
(4):
1884-1894
[10.1016/j.rse.2007.09.008]
Gordon, A., M. Visbeck, and J. C. Comiso. 2007. "A Possible Link between the Weddell Polynya and the Southern Annular Mode."
J Clim
20
(11):
2558-2571
[10.1175/JCLI4046.1]
Yang, J., and J. C. Comiso. 2007. "An unexpected seasonal variability of salinity in the Beaufort Sea upper layer in 1996-1998."
J Geophys Res
112
(C05034):
13 pp
[10.1029/2004JC002716]
Yang, J., and J. Comiso. 2007. "An unexpected seasonal variability of salinity in the Beaufort Sea upper layer in 1996–1998."
J. Geophys. Res.
112
(C5):
C05034
[10.1029/2004JC002716]
Kwok, R., J. C. Comiso, S. Martin, and R. Drucker. 2007. "Ross Sea polynyas: Response of ice concentration retrievals to large areas of thin ice."
J Geophys Res
112
(C12012):
13 pp
Li, J. J., H. J. Zwally, and J. C. Comiso. 2007. "Ice-sheet elevation changes caused by variations of the firn compaction rate induced by satellite-observed temperature variations (1982–2003)."
Annals of Glaciology
46
(1):
8-13
[10.3189/172756407782871486]
Lemke, P., and J. C. Comiso. 2007. "Observations: Changes in Snow, Ice and Frozen Ground."
Our Changing Planet: The View from Space
337-383
Drinkwater, M. R., and J. C. Comiso. 2007. "Sea Ice: The Shifting Crust of Southern Ocean."
Our Changing Planet: The View from Space
238-242
Comiso, J. C., and M. R. Drinkwater. 2007. "Antarctic Polynyas: Ventilation, Bottom Water, and High Productivity for the World's Oceans."
Our Changing Planet: The View from Space
243-249
Comiso, J. C. 2006. "Arctic warming signals from satellite observations."
Weather
61
(3):
70-76
[10.1256/wea.222.05]
Comiso, J. C. 2006. "Abrupt decline in the Arctic winter sea ice cover."
Geophys Res Letts
33
(18):
L18504
[10.1029/2006GL027341]
Massom, R., A. Worby, V. Lytle, et al. 2006. "ARISE (Antarctic Remote Sensing Experiment) in the East 2003: Validation of satellite-derived sea-ice data products."
Ann Glaciol
44
(1):
288
[10.3189/172756406781811268]
Massom, R., M. Pook, J. C. Comiso, et al. 2004. "Precipitation over the Interior East Antarctic Ice Sheet Related to Midlatitude Blocking-High Activity."
J Clim
17
1914-1928
Comiso, J. C., and C. L. Parkinson. 2004. "Satellite-observed changes in the Arctic."
Physics Today
57
(8):
38-44.
Comiso, J. C. 2004. "Sea ice concentration algorithm for AMSR-E data."
Rivista Italiana di Telerilevamento
119-130
Worby, A. P., and J. C. Comiso. 2004. "Studies of the Antarctic sea ice edge and ice extent from satellite and ship observations."
Remote Sens Environ
92
98-111
Schneider, D. P., J. C. Comiso, and E. J. Steig. 2004. "Recent Climate Variability in Antarctica from Satellite-Derived Temperature Data."
J Clim
17
1569-1583
Cota, G. F., J. Wang, and J. C. Comiso. 2004. "Transformation of global satellite chlorophyll retrievals with a regionally tuned algorithm."
Remote Sens Environ
90
373-377
Yang, J., J. C. Comiso, D. Walsh, R. Krishfield, and S. Honjo. 2004. "Storm-driven mixing and potential impact on the Arctic Ocean."
J Geophys Res
109
40196
Ackley, S., P. Wadhams, J. C. Comiso, and A. P. Worby. 2003. "Decadal decrease of Antarctic sea ice extent inferred from whaling records revisited on the basis of historical and modern sea ice records."
Polar Res
22
(1):
19-25
[10.3402/polar.v22i1.6439]
Comiso, J. C., D. J. Cavalieri, and T. Markus. 2003. "Sea ice concentration, ice temperature, and snow depth using AMSR-E data."
IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing
41
(2):
243-252
[10.1109/TGRS.2002.808317]
Comiso, J. C. 2003. "Large Scale Characteristics and Variability of the Global Sea Ice Cover, in Sea Ice, An Introduction to its Physics, Chemistry, Biology and Geology."
Blackwell publishing
Chap 4
112-142
King, J. C., and J. C. Comiso. 2003. "The Spatial Coherence of Interannual Temperature Variations in the Antarctic Peninsula."
Geophys Res Lett
30
(2):
12-1 - 12-4
Comiso, J. C. 2003. "Warming Trends in the Arctic form Clear-Sky Satellite Observations."
J Clim
16
3498-3510
Comiso, J. C. 2002. "Correlation and trend studies of the sea-ice cover and surface temperatures in the Arctic."
Ann Glaciol
34
(1):
420-428(9)
[10.3189/172756402781818067]
Zwally, H. J., J. C. Comiso, C. L. Parkinson, D. J. Cavalieri, and P. Gloersen. 2002. "Variability of Antarctic sea ice 1979–1998."
Journal of Geophysical Research
107
(C5):
9-1 - 9-19.
[10.1029/2000JC000733]
Comiso, J. C. 2002. "A rapidly decling perennial sea ice cover in the Arctic."
Geophys Res Lett
29
(20):
17-1 - 17-4
[10.1029/2002GL015650]
Shuman, C. A., and J. C. Comiso. 2002. "In situ and satellite surface temperature records in Antarctica."
Ann Glaciol
34
113-120
Kwok, R., and J. C. Comiso. 2002. "Southern Ocean Climate and Sea Ice Anomalies Associated with the Southern Oscillation."
J Clim
15
487-501
Kwok, R., and J. C. Comiso. 2002. "Spatial patterns of variability in Antarctic surface temperature: Connections to the Southern Hemisphere Annular Mode and the Southern Oscillation."
Geophys Res Lett
29
(14):
50-1 - 50-4
Gloersen, P., W. J. Campbell, D. J. Cavalieri, et al. 1992. "Arctic and Antarctic Sea Ice, 1978-1987: Satellite Passive-Microwave Observations and Analysis."
NASA SP-511
290 pp.
Parkinson, C. L., J. C. Comiso, H. J. Zwally, et al. 1987. "Arctic Sea Ice, 1973-1976: Satellite Passive-Microwave Observations."
NASA SP-489
296 pp.
Zwally, H. J., J. C. Comiso, C. L. Parkinson, et al. 1983. "Antarctic Sea Ice, 1973-1976: Satellite Passive-Microwave Observations."
NASA SP-459
206 pp.
Non-Refereed
Comiso, J. C. 2015. "Variability and trends of the Global Sea Ice Covers and Sea Levels: Effects on Physicochemical Parameters."
Climate Change and Marine and Freshwater Toxins
Babin, M., K. Arrigo, S. Bélanger, M. Benoît-Gagné, and J. C. Comiso. 2015. "Ocean Colour Remote Sensing in Polar Seas."
International Ocean-Colour Coordinating Group (IOCCG)
16
pp. 129
Goetz, S., H. E. Epstein, D. Alcaraz, et al. 2011. "Recent changes in Arctic vegetation: satellite observations and simulation model predictions."
Eurasian Arctic land cover and land use in a changing climate
306
Walker, D., B. C. Forbes, M. O. Leibman, et al. 2010. "Cumulative effects of rapid land-cover and land-use changes on the Yamal Peninsula, Russia."
Eurasian Arctic Land Cover and Land Use in a Changing Climate
207-236
[10.1007/978-90-481-9118-5_9]
Comiso, J. C. 2010. "Polar Oceans from Space."
41
(Atmospheric and Ocea):
1 -507
[doi 10.1007/978-0-387- 68300-3]
Comiso, J. C. 2010. "Variability and Trends of the Global Sea ice Cover."
Sea Ice - an introduction to its physics, biology, chemistry, and geology
205-246
Smith, W., and J. C. Comiso. 2009. "Southern ocean primary productivity: Variability and a view to the future."
Smithsonian at the Poles: Contributions to the International Polar Year Science
309-318
[10.5479/si.097884601X.23]
Comiso, J. C. 2007. "A Big Arctic Perennial Ice Anomaly."
PORSEC Bulletin
1.3
2 pp
[Full Text (Link)]
Comiso, J. C. 2007. "A Blue Arctic Ocean and Climate Tipping Points."
The Philippine Star
1 pp
[Full Text (Link)]
Comiso, J. C. 2007. "Surface Temperature and Albedo."
IGOS Croyosphere Theme Report
39-40
Cavalieri, D. J., J. Maslanik, T. Markus, et al. 2003. "EOS Aqua AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice Validation Program."
Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng
4894
413-424
[10.1117/12.467791]
Parkinson, C. L., J. C. Comiso, and H. J. Zwally. 1987. "Satellite-derived ice data sets No. 2: Arctic monthly average microwave brightness temperatures and sea ice concentrations, 1973-1976."
NASA Technical Memorandum 87825
39 pp.
