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Sciences and Exploration Directorate

Brad Weir

(SCIENTIST)

Brad Weir's Contact Card & Information.
Email: brad.weir@nasa.gov
Phone: 301.614.6033
Org Code: 610.1
Address:
NASA/GSFC
Mail Code 610.1
Greenbelt, MD 20771
Employer: MORGAN STATE UNIV.

Brief Bio


Dr. Brad Weir is a research scientist at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center and Morgan State University through the GESTAR II cooperative agreement. He is the lead developer of NASA's Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS) Constituent Data Assimilation System (CoDAS) — a state-of-the-art statistical method for estimating atmospheric trace gas abundances based on satellite observations. His research focuses on developing and applying mathematical and statistical methods to address questions about the physics, chemistry, and biology of the Earth's atmosphere, ocean, and land surface. His work has appeared in Science, the New York Times, the Washington Post, the websites of National Geographic and the BBC, the NASA COVID-19 Dashboard, and the NASA/ESA/JAXA trilateral Earth Observing Dashboard.


ORCiD: 0000-0001-6160-0577

Positions/Employment


Scientist (Senior, 2021-Present)

Global Modeling and Assimilation Office, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center - Greenbelt, MD

October 2013 - Present

  • Goddard Earth Sciences Technology and Research II, Morgan State University (2021-Present)
  • Goddard Earth Sciences Technology and Research I, Universities Space Research Association (2013-2021)


Post-doctoral Research Associate

College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University - Corvallis, OR

September 2010 - October 2013


Graduate Research Assistant

Los Alamos National Laboratory - Los Alamos, NM

June 2006 - August 2006

Education


2003 - 2010: Ph.D., Mathematics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ

1999 - 2003: B.A., Cum laude, Mathematics, New York University, New York, NY

Publications


Refereed

2025. "Stratospheric Water Vapor Beyond NASA's Aura MLS: Assimilating SAGE III/ISS Profiles for a Continued Climate Record.", Geophysical Research Letters, 52 (8): [10.1029/2024gl112610] [Journal Article/Letter]

2025. "Quantification of regional net CO2 flux errors in the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) v10 model intercomparison project (MIP) ensemble using airborne measurements.", Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 25 (3): 1725-1748 [10.5194/acp-25-1725-2025] [Journal Article/Letter]

2024. "Opinion: Beyond global means – novel space-based approaches to indirectly constrain the concentrations of and trends and variations in the tropospheric hydroxyl radical (OH).", Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 24 (22): 13001-13023 [10.5194/acp-24-13001-2024] [Journal Article/Letter]

2024. "Toward Low‐Latency Estimation of Atmospheric CO2 Growth Rates Using Satellite Observations: Evaluating Sampling Errors of Satellite and In Situ Observing Approaches.", AGU Advances, 5 (4): [10.1029/2023av001145] [Journal Article/Letter]

2024. "Enhancing long-term trend simulation of the global tropospheric hydroxyl (TOH) and its drivers from 2005 to 2019: a synergistic integration of model simulations and satellite observations.", Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 24 (15): 8677-8701 [10.5194/acp-24-8677-2024] [Journal Article/Letter]

2023. "Neutral Tropical African CO2 Exchange Estimated From Aircraft and Satellite Observations.", Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 37 (12): [10.1029/2023gb007804] [Journal Article/Letter]

2023. "Flood Impacts on Net Ecosystem Exchange in the Midwestern and Southern United States in 2019.", Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 128 (18): [10.1029/2022jd037697] [Journal Article/Letter]

2023. "Evaluating the consistency between OCO-2 and OCO-3 XCO2 estimates derived from the NASA ACOS version 10 retrieval algorithm.", Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 16 (12): 3173-3209 [10.5194/amt-16-3173-2023] [Journal Article/Letter]

2023. "M2‐SCREAM: A Stratospheric Composition Reanalysis of Aura MLS Data With MERRA‐2 Transport.", Earth and Space Science, 10 (2): e2022EA002632 [10.1029/2022ea002632] [Journal Article/Letter]

2022. "Assessing progress toward the Paris climate agreement from space.", Environmental Research Letters, 17 (11): 111002 [10.1088/1748-9326/ac998c] [Journal Article/Letter]

2022. "Airborne Lidar Measurements of XCO2 in Synoptically Active Environment and Associated Comparisons with Numerical Simulations.", Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 127 (16): e2021JD035664 [10.1029/2021jd035664] [Journal Article/Letter]

2022. "Using atmospheric trace gas vertical profiles to evaluate model fluxes: a case study of Arctic-CAP observations and GEOS simulations for the ABoVE domain.", Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 22 (9): 6347-6364 [10.5194/acp-22-6347-2022] [Journal Article/Letter]

2022. "On the role of atmospheric model transport uncertainty in estimating the Chinese land carbon sink.", Nature, 603 E13-E14 [10.1038/s41586-021-04258-9] [Journal Article/Letter]

2022. "Four years of global carbon cycle observed from the Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2 (OCO-2) version 9 and in situ data and comparison to OCO-2 version 7.", Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 22 (2): 1097-1130 [10.5194/acp-22-1097-2022] [Journal Article/Letter]

2022. "Multi‐Season Evaluation of CO2 Weather in OCO‐2 MIP Models.", Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 127 (2): e2021JD035457 [10.1029/2021jd035457] [Journal Article/Letter]

2021. "Regional impacts of COVID-19 on carbon dioxide detected worldwide from space.", Science Advances, 7 (45): eabf9415 [10.1126/sciadv.abf9415] [Journal Article/Letter]

2021. "The Atmospheric Carbon and Transport (ACT)-America Mission.", Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 102 (9): E1714-E1734 [10.1175/bams-d-20-0300.1] [Journal Article/Letter]

2021. "COVID-19 Impact Monitoring for Climate Environment (Greenhouse Gases).", 2021 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS, [10.1109/igarss47720.2021.9554328] [Proceedings]

2021. "Bias-correcting carbon fluxes derived from land-surface satellite data for retrospective and near-real-time assimilation systems.", Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 21 9609–9628 [10.5194/acp-21-9609-2021] [Journal Article/Letter]

2020. "Field Evaluation of Column CO2 Retrievals from Intensity‐Modulated Continuous‐Wave Differential Absorption Lidar Measurements during the ACT‐America Campaign.", Earth and Space Science, 7 (12): e2019EA000847 [10.1029/2019ea000847] [Journal Article/Letter]

2020. "The Anomalous 2019 Antarctic Ozone Hole in the GEOS Constituent Data Assimilation System With MLS Observations.", Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 125 (18): [10.1029/2020jd033335] [Journal Article/Letter]

2020. "Impact of a Regional US Drought on Land and Atmospheric Carbon.", Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 125 (8): [10.1029/2019jg005599] [Journal Article/Letter]

2020. "Evaluation of OCO‐2 XCO2 Variability at Local and Synoptic Scales using Lidar and In Situ Observations from the ACT‐America Campaigns.", Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 125 (10): [10.1029/2019jd031400] [Journal Article/Letter]

2020. "Toward a Reanalysis of Stratospheric Ozone for Trend Studies: Assimilation of the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder and Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite Limb Profiler Data.", Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 125 (4): [10.1029/2019jd031892] [Journal Article/Letter]

2019. "Quantifying the Impact of Atmospheric Transport Uncertainty on CO2 Surface Flux Estimates.", Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 33 484-500 [10.1029/2018gb006086] [Journal Article/Letter]

2018. "The impact of spatiotemporal variability in atmospheric CO2 concentration on global terrestrial carbon fluxes.", Biogeosciences, 15 5635-5652 [10.5194/bg-15-5635-2018] [Journal Article/Letter]

2017. "The Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 early science investigations of regional carbon dioxide fluxes.", Science, 358 (6360): eaam5745 [10.1126/science.aam5745] [Journal Article/Letter]

2013. "A potential implicit particle method for high-dimensional systems.", Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics, 20 1047-1060 [10.5194/npg-20-1047-2013] [Journal Article/Letter]

2013. "Implicit Estimation of Ecological Model Parameters.", Bulletin of Mathematical Biology, 75 (2): 223-257 [10.1007/s11538-012-9801-6] [Journal Article/Letter]

2011. "A vortex force analysis of the interaction of rip currents and surface gravity waves.", Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 116 (C5): C05001 [10.1029/2010jc006232] [Journal Article/Letter]

Non-Refereed

2022. "OCO-2 GEOS Level 3 monthly, 0.5x0.625 assimilated CO2 V10r.", Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Greenbelt, MD, USA [10.5067/BGFIODET3HZ8] [Dataset]

2022. "OCO-2 GEOS Level 3 daily, 0.5x0.625 assimilated CO2 V10r.", Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Greenbelt, MD, USA [10.5067/Y9M4NM9MPCGH] [Dataset]

Talks, Presentations and Posters


Invited

Constituent data assimilation plans of the GMAO at NASA Goddard

March 20, 2023

Mathematical Approaches of Atmospheric Constituents Data Assimilation and Inverse Modeling

Banff International Research Station, Banff, Alberta, Canada


Data assimilation for carbon monitoring

May 11, 2022

WMO GHG/Carbon Monitoring Workshop

World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland


The Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 project: Monitoring atmospheric carbon dioxide

March 22, 2022

Carbon Tracking and Reporting

Energy Conference Network, Houston, TX, USA


The GEOS-Carb reanalysis of atmospheric carbon dioxide

April 5, 2017

GMAO Seminar Series on Earth System Sceince

Global Modeling and Assimilation Office, Greenbelt, MD, USA


Implicit parameter estimation

February 17, 2013

Probabilistic Approaches to Data Assimilation for Earth Systems

Banff International Research Station, Banff, Alberta, Canada


Implicit sampling: theory and implementation

February 7, 2013

International Workshop on Particle Filters for Data Assimilation

Institute for Statistical Mathematics, Tachikawa, Tokyo, Japan


Implicit assimilation for marine ecological models

December 3, 2012

AGU Fall Meeting 2012, San Francisco, CA, USA

Abstract Id. NG41D-02

Other

Professional Service


2024 - present: Review Editor, Frontiers in Remote Sensing

2024 - 2028: Science Adviser, AGU Eos

2023 - 2026: Secretary, AGU Nonlinear Geophysics

2021: Organizing Committee, 17th International Workshop on Greenhouse Gas Measurements from Space (IWGGMS)