The DISSIPATION Sounding Rocket will provide, for the first time, comprehensive and concurrent in situ measurements of the response of the thermosphere to Joule heating in the auroral transition region. Joule heating results from friction between the ion and neutral gases when the gases are not flowing at the same speed and direction. Energy dissipation within the transition region via particle precipitation and Joule heating can cause profound horizontal and vertical redistributions of thermospheric mass density, composition, temperature, and winds. Most of the knowledge of this dissipative process is based on remote and/or limited observations of neutral gas and plasma parameters. DISSIPATION is designed to provide a more direct observation.